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Hence, we evaluated the cost\u2010effectiveness of CRC screening among patients with NAFLD and family history by different strategies. A hypothetical population of 100,000 subjects aged 40\u201375 years receive: (<jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic>) yearly fecal immunochemical test (FIT) at 50 years; (<jats:italic>ii<\/jats:italic>) flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) every 5 years at 50 years; (<jats:italic>iii<\/jats:italic>) colonoscopy 10 yearly at 50 years; (<jats:italic>iv<\/jats:italic>) colonoscopy 10 yearly at 50 years among those with family history\/NAFLD and yearly FIT at 50 years among those without; (<jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>) colonoscopy 10 yearly at 40 years among those with family history\/NAFLD and yearly FIT at 50 years among those without and (<jats:italic>vi<\/jats:italic>) colonoscopy 10 yearly at 40 years among those with family history\/NAFLD and colonoscopy 10 yearly at 50 years among those without. The incremental cost\u2010effectiveness ratio (ICER) was studied by Markov modeling. It was found that colonoscopy, FS and FIT reduced incidence of CRC by 49.5, 26.3 and 23.6%, respectively. Using strategies 4, 5 and 6, the corresponding reduction in CRC incidence was 29.9, 30.9 and 69.3% for family history, and 33.2, 34.7 and 69.8% for NAFLD. Compared with no screening, strategies 4 (US$1,018\/life\u2010year saved) and 5 (US$7,485) for family history offered the lowest ICER, whilst strategy 4 (US$5,877) for NAFLD was the most cost\u2010effective. These findings were robust when assessed with a wide range of deterministic sensitivity analyses around the base case. These indicated that screening patients with family history or NAFLD by colonoscopy at 50 years was economically favorable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,20]],"date-time":"2015-08-20T07:09:23Z","timestamp":1440054563000},"page":"576-583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Screening strategies for colorectal cancer among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and family history"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Martin C.S.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"},{"name":"School of Public Health and Primary Care Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica Y.L.","family":"Ching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor C.W.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas Y.T.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur K.C.","family":"Luk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunny H.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siew C.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent W.S.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon S.M.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin C.Y.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis K.L.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph J.Y.","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Digestive Disease Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT HKSAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"GLOBOCAN2012. 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