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However, durable clinical responses are often hampered by limited capability of transferred T cells to establish effective and sustained antitumor immunity <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. We therefore analyzed GvL responses of acute myeloid leukemia (AML)\u2010reactive CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CTL with central and effector memory phenotype in a new allogeneic donor\u2010patient specific humanized mouse model. CTL lines and clones obtained upon stimulation of naive CD45RA<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> donor CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells with either single HLA antigen\u2010mismatched or HLA\u2010matched primary AML blasts, respectively, elicited strong leukemia reactivity during cytokine\u2010optimized short to intermediate (<jats:italic>i.e<\/jats:italic>., 2\u20138 weeks) culture periods. Single doses of CTL were intravenously infused into NOD\/scidIL2Rcg<jats:sup>null<\/jats:sup> mice when engraftment with patient AML reached bone marrow infiltration of 1\u20135%, clinically defining minimal residual disease status. This treatment resulted in complete regression of HLA\u2010mismatched and strong reduction of HLA\u2010matched AML infiltration, respectively. Most importantly, mice receiving AML\u2010reactive CTL showed significantly prolonged survival. Transferred CTL were detectable in murine bone marrow and spleen and demonstrated sustained AML\u2010reactivity <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>. Moreover, injections with human IL\u201015 clearly promoted CTL persistence. In summary, we show that naive donor\u2010derived CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CTL effectively combat patient AML blasts in immunodeficient mice. The donor\u2010patient specific humanized mouse model appears suitable to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of AML\u2010reactive CTL before adoptive transfer into patients. It may further help to identify powerful leukemia rejection antigens and T\u2010cell receptors for redirecting immunity to leukemias even in a patient\u2010individualized manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,16]],"date-time":"2015-09-16T23:06:43Z","timestamp":1442444803000},"page":"1256-1268","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Patient\u2010individualized <scp>CD<\/scp>8<sup>+<\/sup> cytolytic <scp>T<\/scp>\u2010cell therapy effectively combats minimal residual leukemia in immunodeficient mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Distler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine III\u2014Hematology Internal Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Langenbeckstr.1 Mainz 55101 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