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To improve the understanding of potential twin influence on cancer we compared twins to their singletons siblings, to target a unique twinning influence. Singletons from twin families were contrasted to singletons from non\u2010twin families to further capture potential twin family influence on risk of cancer. Family relations were identified using the Swedish Multi\u2010Generation Register. Among individuals born between 1932 and 1958, 49,156 twins and <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200935,227 singletons were identified from 18,098 unique twin families. All incident cases of specific cancer types were identified in the National Cancer Register up to the end of 2007. Standardized survival functions were estimated using weighted Cox proportional hazard regression and the corresponding cumulative risks plotted against age. Overall, primary cancers were identified in 9% and 18% of all male and female twins, compared to 11% and 19% of their male and female singleton siblings. When specific cancer sites were compared using standardized cumulative risk plots, no consistent statistically significant differences were noted either between twins and singletons of twin families or between singletons of twin and non\u2010twin families. Despite a different intrauterine experience, twinning does not seem to have any greater negative influence on life\u2010time risks of cancer. The findings also indicate that twin family membership has no substantial influence on cancer risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,28]],"date-time":"2015-09-28T19:34:46Z","timestamp":1443468886000},"page":"1102-1110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cancer risks in twins and singletons from twin and non\u2010twin families"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Lingjing","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Solna Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Cnattingius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Solna Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Nyman Iliadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Sara","family":"Oberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. 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