{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T14:14:14Z","timestamp":1761920054284},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,19]],"date-time":"2015-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Data from 20 years of cancer registration in Harare (Zimbabwe) are used to investigate the risk of cancer in the white population of the city (of European origin), relative to that in blacks (of African origin). In the absence of information on the respective populations\u2010at\u2010risk, we calculated odds of each major cancer among all cancers, and took the odds ratios of whites to blacks. Some major differences reflect obvious phenotypic differences (the very high incidence of skin cancer\u2014melanoma and nonmelanoma\u2014in the white population), whereas others (high rates of liver cancer, Kaposi sarcoma and conjunctival cancers in blacks) are the result of differences in exposure to infectious agents. Of particular interest are cancers related to lifestyle factors, and how the differences in risk are changing over time, as a result of evolving lifestyles. Thus, the high risk of cancers of the esophagus and cervix uteri in blacks (relative to whites) and colorectal cancers in whites show little change over time. Conversely, the odds of breast cancer, on average four times higher in whites than blacks, has shown a significant decrease in the differential over time. Cancer of the prostate, with the odds initially (1991\u20131997) 15% higher in whites had become 33% higher in blacks by 2004\u20132010.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]],"date-time":"2015-10-05T23:20:21Z","timestamp":1444087221000},"page":"1416-1421","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Black\u2013white differences in cancer risk in <scp>H<\/scp>arare, <scp>Z<\/scp>imbabwe, during 1991\u20132010"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Chokunonga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zimbabwe National Cancer Registry Avondale Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Windridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts &amp; The London School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Sasieni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts &amp; The London School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Borok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zimbabwe National Cancer Registry Avondale Harare Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. 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