{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:22:10Z","timestamp":1790378530788,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,20]],"date-time":"2015-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1447977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS-project 676)"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["148522"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["148522"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004201","name":"OncoSuisse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ICP OCS 01355-03-2003 and KFS-02478-08-2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICP OCS 01355-03-2003 and KFS-02478-08-2009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004201","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>HIV\u2010infected women are at increased risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC), but it has been difficult to disentangle the influences of heavy exposure to HPV infection, inadequate screening and immunodeficiency. A case\u2010control study including 364 CIN2\/3 and 20 ICC cases matched to 1,147 controls was nested in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (1985\u20132013). CIN2\/3 risk was significantly associated with low CD4+ cell counts, whether measured as nadir [odds ratio (OR) per 100\u2010cell\/\u03bcL decrease\u2009=\u20091.15, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.22], or at CIN2\/3 diagnosis (1.10, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.16). An association was evident even for nadir CD4+ 200\u2013349 versus \u2265350 cells\/\u03bcL (OR\u2009=\u20091.57, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.25). After adjustment for nadir CD4+, a protective effect of &gt;2\u2010year cART use was seen against CIN2\/3 (OR versus never cART use\u2009=\u20090.64, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.98). Despite low study power, similar associations were seen for ICC, notably with nadir CD4+ (OR for 50 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. &gt;350 cells\/\u03bcL= 11.10, 95% CI: 1.24, 100). HPV16\u2010L1 antibodies were significantly associated with CIN2\/3, but HPV16\u2010E6 antibodies were nearly exclusively detected in ICC. In conclusion, worsening immunodeficiency, even at only moderately decreased CD4+ cell counts, is a significant risk factor for CIN2\/3 and cervical cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,5]],"date-time":"2015-11-05T02:59:00Z","timestamp":1446692340000},"page":"1732-1740","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Immunodeficiency and the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2\/3 and cervical cancer: A nested case\u2010control study in the Swiss HIV cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Gary M.","family":"Clifford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Franceschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon 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