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Our study was designed to estimate MHT\u2010associated breast cancer risk in a population of Australian women. Data were analysed for postmenopausal women with self\u2010reported incident invasive breast cancer (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091,236) and cancer\u2010free controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009862), recruited between 2006 and 2014 into a large case\u2013control study for all cancer types, the NSW CLEAR study. Information on past and current MHT use was collected from all participants, along with other lifestyle and demographic factors, using a self\u2010administered questionnaire. Unmatched multivariable logistic regression was performed, adjusting for socio\u2010demographic, reproductive and health behaviour variables, body mass index and breast screening history. Compared to never users of MHT, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for breast cancer in current users of any type of MHT was 2.09 (95% CI: 1.57\u20132.78; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and for past users of any type of MHT was 1.03 (0.82\u20131.28; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.8243). For current users of oestrogen\u2010only and oestrogen\u2013progestagen therapy, aORs were 1.80 (1.21\u20132.68; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0039) and 2.62 (1.56\u20134.38; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0003), respectively. These findings are consistent with those from other international observational studies, that current, but not past, use of MHT is associated with a substantially increased risk of breast cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]],"date-time":"2015-11-24T15:40:50Z","timestamp":1448379650000},"page":"1905-1914","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Menopausal hormone therapy use and breast cancer risk in <scp>A<\/scp>ustralia: Findings from the <scp>N<\/scp>ew <scp>S<\/scp>outh <scp>W<\/scp>ales <scp>C<\/scp>ancer, <scp>L<\/scp>ifestyle and <scp>E<\/scp>valuation of <scp>R<\/scp>isk study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Usha","family":"Salagame","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW Woolloomooloo NSW Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia"},{"name":"Sax Institute Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Freddy","family":"Sitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health and Community Medicine University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Canfell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW Woolloomooloo NSW Australia"},{"name":"School of Public Health Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"FerlayJ SoerjomataramI ErvikM et al. 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