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Greater adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund\/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF\/AICR) diet, physical activity and body weight recommendations has previously been shown to be associated with lower breast cancer risk. However, no prior studies have evaluated whether women with non\u2010modifiable risk factors receive similar benefits from recommendation adherence compared to women without these risk factors. In the Iowa Women's Health Study prospective cohort, we investigated whether associations of WCRF\/AICR recommendation adherence differed by the presence\/absence of non\u2010modifiable breast cancer risk factors. Baseline (1986) questionnaire data from 36,626 postmenopausal women were used to create adherence scores for the WCRF\/AICR recommendations (maximum score\u2009=\u20098.0). Overall and single recommendation adherence in relation to breast cancer risk (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 3,189 cases) across levels of non\u2010modifiable risk factors were evaluated using proportional hazards regression. Mean adherence score was 5.0 points (range: 0.5\u20138.0). Higher adherence scores (score \u22656.0 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. \u22643.5, H<jats:italic>R =<\/jats:italic> 0.76, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.67\u20130.87), and adherence to the individual recommendations for body weight and alcohol intake were associated with a lower breast cancer incidence. While not statistically significant among women with more non\u2010modifiable risk factors (score \u22656.0 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. \u22643.5, H<jats:italic>R =<\/jats:italic> 0.76, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.36\u20131.63), hazard ratios were comparable to women with the no non\u2010modifiable risk factors (score \u22656.0 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. \u22643.5, H<jats:italic>R =<\/jats:italic> 0.74, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.49\u20130.93) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010interaction <jats:italic>=<\/jats:italic> 0.57). WCRF\/AICR recommendation adherence is associated with lower breast cancer risk, regardless of non\u2010modifiable risk factor status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,13]],"date-time":"2016-01-13T02:24:15Z","timestamp":1452651855000},"page":"2602-2615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["WCRF\/AICR recommendation adherence and breast cancer incidence among postmenopausal women with and without non\u2010modifiable risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Sarah J.O.","family":"Nomura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Washington DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maki","family":"Inoue\u2010Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DeAnn","family":"Lazovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of Minnesota\u2010School of Public Health Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"Prevention and Etiology Program Masonic Cancer Center Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Robien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University Washington DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"U.S. National Cancer Institute.SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Breast vol.2013. 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