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Currently there are no curative treatment modalities for malignant mesothelioma, however treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy can help to improve patient prognosis and increase life expectancy. Pemetrexed\u2010Cisplatin is the only standard of care (SoC) chemotherapy for malignant mesothelioma, but the median PFS\/OS (progression\u2010free survival\/overall survival) from the initiation of treatment is only up to 12 months. Therefore, new treatment strategies against malignant mesothelioma are in high demand. ONCOS\u2010102 is a dual targeting, chimeric oncolytic adenovirus, coding for human GM\u2010CSF. The safety and immune activating properties of ONCOS\u2010102 have already been assessed in phase 1 study (NCT01598129). In this preclinical study, we evaluated the antineoplastic activity of combination treatment with SoC chemotherapy (Pemetrexed, Cisplatin, Carboplatin) and ONCOS\u2010102 in xenograft BALB\/c model of human malignant mesothelioma. We demonstrated that ONCOS\u2010102 is able to induce immunogenic cell death of human mesothelioma cell lines <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and showed anti\u2010tumor activity in the treatment of refractory H226 malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) xenograft model. While chemotherapy alone showed no anti\u2010tumor activity in the mesothelioma mouse model, ONCOS\u2010102 was able to slow down tumor growth. Interestingly, a synergistic anti\u2010tumor effect was seen when ONCOS\u2010102 was combined with chemotherapy regimens. These findings give a rationale for the clinical testing of ONCOS\u2010102 in combination with first\u2010line chemotherapy in patients suffering from malignant mesothelioma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,11]],"date-time":"2016-06-11T02:45:41Z","timestamp":1465613141000},"page":"1883-1893","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Synergistic anti\u2010tumor efficacy of immunogenic adenovirus ONCOS\u2010102 (Ad5\/3\u2010D24\u2010GM\u2010CSF) and standard of care chemotherapy in preclinical mesothelioma model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Lukasz","family":"Kuryk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Targovax Oy Saukonpaadenranta 2 Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Laboratory of ImmunoViroTherapy Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research (CDR), University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 Helsinki 00790 Finland"},{"name":"Department of Virology National Institute 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