{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T03:07:06Z","timestamp":1784171226311,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,6]],"date-time":"2017-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008394","name":"Natur og Univers, Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFF\u20104004\u201000179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFF\u20104004\u201000179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008394","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005972","name":"German Cancer Aid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DKH ref. 111010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DKH ref. 111010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005972","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"Several studies have indicated weakly increased risk for kidney cancer among occupational groups exposed to gasoline vapors, engine exhaust, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other air pollutants, although not consistently. It was the aim to investigate possible associations between outdoor air pollution at the residence and the incidence of kidney parenchyma cancer in the general population. We used data from 14 European cohorts from the ESCAPE study. We geocoded and assessed air pollution concentrations at baseline addresses by land\u2010use regression models for particulate matter (PM10<\/jats:sub>, PM2.5<\/jats:sub>, PMcoarse<\/jats:sub>, PM2.5<\/jats:sub> absorbance (soot)) and nitrogen oxides (NO2<\/jats:sub>, NOx<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>), and collected data on traffic. We used Cox regression models with adjustment for potential confounders for cohort\u2010specific analyses and random effects models for meta\u2010analyses to calculate summary hazard ratios (HRs). The 289,002 cohort members contributed 4,111,908 person\u2010years at risk. During follow\u2010up (mean 14.2 years) 697 incident cancers of the kidney parenchyma were diagnosed. The meta\u2010analyses showed higher HRs in association with higher PM concentration, e.g. HR\u2009=\u20091.57 (95%CI: 0.81\u20133.01) per 5 \u03bcg\/m3<\/jats:sup> PM2.5<\/jats:sub> and HR\u2009=\u20091.36 (95%CI: 0.84\u20132.19) per 10\u22125<\/jats:sup>m\u22121<\/jats:sup> PM2.5<\/jats:sub> absorbance, albeit never statistically significant. The HRs in association with nitrogen oxides and traffic density on the nearest street were slightly above one. Sensitivity analyses among participants who did not change residence during follow\u2010up showed stronger associations, but none were statistically significant. Our study provides suggestive evidence that exposure to outdoor PM at the residence may be associated with higher risk for kidney parenchyma cancer; the results should be interpreted cautiously as associations may be due to chance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,24]],"date-time":"2016-12-24T14:53:57Z","timestamp":1482591237000},"page":"1528-1537","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Outdoor air pollution and risk for kidney parenchyma cancer in 14 European cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Ole","family":"Raaschou\u2010Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Danish Cancer Society Research Center Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Science Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Danish Cancer 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