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This more aggressive subtype disproportionately affects some racial\/ethnic minorities and is associated with lower survival. We pooled data from three population\u2010based studies (558 TNBC and 5,111 controls) and examined associations of TNBC risk with reproductive history and breast\u2010feeding. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multivariable logistic regression. For younger women, aged &lt;50 years, TNBC risk was increased two\u2010fold for parous women who never breast\u2010fed compared to nulliparous women (OR\u2009=\u20092.02, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.12\u20133.63). For younger parous women, longer duration of lifetime breast\u2010feeding was associated with a borderline reduced risk (\u226524 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. 0 months: OR\u2009=\u20090.52, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.26\u20131.04, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>trend<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.06). Considering the joint effect of parity and breast\u2010feeding, risk was increased two\u2010fold for women with \u22653 full\u2010term pregnancies (FTPs) and no or short\u2010term (&lt;12 months) breast\u2010feeding compared to women with 1\u20132 FTPs and breast\u2010feeding \u226512 months (OR\u2009=\u20092.56, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.22\u20135.35). None of these associations were observed among older women (\u226550 years). Differences in reproductive patterns possibly contribute to the ethnic differences in TNBC incidence. Among controls aged &lt;50 years, the prevalence of no or short\u2010term breast\u2010feeding and \u22653 FTPs was highest for Hispanics (22%), followed by African Americans (18%), Asian Americans (15%) and non\u2010Hispanic whites (6%). Breast\u2010feeding is a modifiable behavioral factor that may lower TNBC risk and mitigate the effect of FTPs in women under age 50 years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,13]],"date-time":"2018-01-13T13:47:01Z","timestamp":1515851221000},"page":"2273-2285","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Reproductive history, breast\u2010feeding and risk of triple negative breast cancer: The Breast Cancer Etiology in Minorities (BEM) study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"142","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3259-8003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther M.","family":"John","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Prevention Institute of California Fremont CA"},{"name":"Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Stanford Cancer Institute Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa 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