{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:33:24Z","timestamp":1774528404113,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Growing evidence suggests that people with autoimmune conditions may be at increased risk of hepatobiliary tumors. In the present study, we evaluated associations between autoimmune conditions and hepatobiliary cancers among adults aged \u226566 in the United States. We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)\u2010Medicare data (1992\u20132013) to conduct a population\u2010based, case\u2013control study. Cases (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 32,443) had primary hepatobiliary cancer. Controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 200,000) were randomly selected, cancer\u2010free adults frequency\u2010matched to cases by sex, age and year of selection. Using multivariable logistic regression, we calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations with 39 autoimmune conditions identified <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> Medicare claims. We also conducted separate analyses for diagnoses obtained <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> inpatient versus outpatient claims. Sixteen conditions were associated with at least one hepatobiliary cancer. The strongest risk estimates were for primary biliary cholangitis with hepatocellular carcinoma (OR: 31.33 [95% CI: 23.63\u201341.56]) and primary sclerosing cholangitis with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (7.53 [5.73\u201310.57]), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (5.59 [4.03\u20137.75]), gallbladder cancer (2.06 [1.27\u20133.33]) and ampulla of Vater cancer (6.29 [4.29\u20139.22]). Associations with hepatobiliary\u2010related conditions as a group were observed across nearly all cancer sites (ORs ranging from 4.53 [95% CI: 3.30\u20136.21] for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to 7.18 [5.94\u20138.67] for hepatocellular carcinoma). Restricting to autoimmune conditions diagnosed <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> inpatient claims, 6 conditions remained associated with at least one hepatobiliary cancer, and several risk estimates increased. In the outpatient restricted analysis, 12 conditions remained associated. Multiple autoimmune conditions are associated with hepatobiliary cancer risk in the US Medicare population, supporting a shared immuno\u2010inflammatory etiology to these cancers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T05:38:28Z","timestamp":1535607508000},"page":"707-717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Associations between autoimmune conditions and hepatobiliary cancer risk among elderly US adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"144","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7456-6408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma E.","family":"McGee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe A.","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD"},{"name":"Real World Data Science (RWD\u2010S) Oncology  Roche Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric A.","family":"Engels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neal D.","family":"Freedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth M.","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics  National Cancer Institute, Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD"},{"name":"American Cancer Society  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachael","family":"Stolzenberg\u2010Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2329-9933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine A.","family":"McGlynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Hemminki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)  Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Center for Primary Health Care Research Lund University  Malm\u00f6 Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Koshiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195149616.003.0040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61347-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-15-0199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.20.7753"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26958"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28161"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djq043"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdr333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute. 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