{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T01:22:26Z","timestamp":1778462546124,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Benzene is considered a carcinogen, mostly based on evidence of causality for myeloid leukemia from high levels of exposure in occupational studies. We used United States Environmental Protection Agency National Ambient Toxics Assessment (NATA) estimates of low\u2010level ambient benzene to examine potential associations for the general public between benzene exposure and risk of hematologic cancers. Exposure was estimated by linking participants\u2019 residential address to the NATA benzene estimates for that census tract. Among 115,996 American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study\u2010II Nutrition cohort participants (52,554 men, 63,442 women), 2,595 were diagnosed with incident hematologic cancer between 1997 and 2013. Extended Cox regression modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Among all participants, ambient benzene was positively associated with myelodysplastic syndromes (HR\u2009= 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.33 per \u03bcg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) and T\u2010cell lymphoma (HR\u2009= 1.29, 95% CI: 1.08\u20131.53 per \u03bcg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>). Among men, ambient benzene was also positively associated with any hematologic malignancy (HR\u2009= 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.15 per \u03bcg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) and follicular lymphoma (HR\u2009= 1.28, 95% CI: 1.09\u20131.50 per \u03bcg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>). No significant associations were observed for women only, but associations were suggestive for MDS and T\u2010cell lymphoma. It is possible that the NATA ambient benzene estimates are a better proxy for benzene exposure for men than women in this cohort. The results of this study support an association between ambient benzene and risk of hematologic malignancies, particularly MDS, T\u2010cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. More research in large scale or pooled studies is needed to further explore these associations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]],"date-time":"2019-02-09T08:23:47Z","timestamp":1549700627000},"page":"2647-2660","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Residential ambient benzene exposure in the United States and subsequent risk of hematologic malignancies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2419-8536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren R.","family":"Teras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Research Group American Cancer Society  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. Ryan","family":"Diver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Research Group American Cancer Society  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily L.","family":"Deubler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Research Group American Cancer Society  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Krewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment University of Ottawa  Ottawa ON Canada"},{"name":"School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Disease Prevention University of Ottawa  Ottawa ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Flowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Switchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Gapstur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Research Group American Cancer Society  Atlanta GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Some industrial chemicals and dyestuffs","volume":"29","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer","year":"1982","journal-title":"IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk Chem Hum"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"249","volume-title":"Benzene Chemical Agents and Related Occupationsed","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00984100050166325"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Chemical agents and related occupations","volume":"100","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","year":"2012","journal-title":"IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.101970"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","volume-title":"World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissuesed","author":"Campo E","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-06-289561"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"783","article-title":"Development of and selected performance characteristics of CANJEM, a general population job\u2010exposure matrix based on past expert assessments of exposure","volume":"62","author":"Sauve JF","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Work Expos Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001335"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2007.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2009.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000082001.05563.e0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-03-643544"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2016.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28083"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2009.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-10-63"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-012-0001-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jncimonographs\/lgu013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jncimonographs\/lgu008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-01-133587"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2009.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20403"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102443"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.012809.103646"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000686"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","unstructured":"USEP Agency. Estimates of the change in national benzene emissions are based on benzene ambient air monitoring data in EPA's Air Quality System using the subset of benzene monitoring stations that have sufficient data to assess trends since 1994.2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP1249"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fijc.32202","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.32202","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ijc.32202","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.32202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T05:36:18Z","timestamp":1694324178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijc.32202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijc.32202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.32202","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7136","1097-0215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7136","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-01-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-02-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}