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We found both HSP70 and HSF1 overexpressed in CLL patients, correlated to poor prognosis and abnormally localized in the nucleus of leukemic B cells. The two proteins were strictly correlated each other and their levels decreased consensually in those patients responding to <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> therapeutic regimens. HSP70 and HSF1 inhibition was proved to be effective in inducing a dose\u2010dependent <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> apoptosis of CLL B cells. Considering that HSF1 is finely regulated by kinases belonging to pathways triggered by rat sarcoma (RAS), we benefited from a previous proteomic study performed in CLL patients aiming to assess the activation\/expression of key signaling proteins. We found that patients showing high levels of HSP70 also expressed high Akt\u2010Ser473, thus activating HSF1. Inhibition of PI3K, which activates AKT, reduced the expression of HSF1 and HSP70. By contrast, HSP70\u2010low patients displayed high activation of MEK1\/2 and ERK1\/2, known to negatively regulate HSF1. These data demonstrate that the HSP70 expression is regulated by the modulation of HSF1 activity through the activation of RAS\u2010regulated pathways and suggest the HSP70\/HSF1 interplay as an interesting target for antileukemic therapies. Finally, inhibition of PI3K, that activates AKT, reduced the expression of HSF1 and HSP70.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T05:33:57Z","timestamp":1556775237000},"page":"3089-3100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["HSP70\/HSF1 axis, regulated <i>via<\/i> a PI3K\/AKT pathway, is a druggable target in chronic lymphocytic leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7093-2493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Frezzato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch Padua University School of Medicine  Padua Italy"},{"name":"Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM)  Padua 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