{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:50:45Z","timestamp":1791561045115,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]],"date-time":"2019-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is the most common childhood cancer in sub\u2010Saharan African countries, however, few epidemiologic studies have been undertaken and none attempted enrolling cases from multiple countries. We therefore conducted a population\u2010based case\u2013control study of eBL in children aged 0\u201315\u2009years old in six regions in Northern Uganda, Northern Tanzania and Western Kenya, enrolling 862 suspected cases and 2,934 population controls (response rates 98.5\u2013100%), and processing ~40,000 vials of samples using standardized protocols. Risk factor questionnaires were administered, and malaria period prevalence was measured using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). A total of 80.9% of the recruited cases were diagnosed as eBL; 61.4% confirmed by histology. Associations with eBL risk were computed using logistic regression models adjusted for relevant confounders. Associations common in at least two countries were emphasized. eBL risk was decreased with higher maternal income and paternal education and elevated with history of inpatient malaria treatment &gt;12\u2009months before enrollment. Reporting malaria\u2010attributed fever up to 6 months before enrollment and malaria\u2010RDT positivity at enrollment were associated with decreased eBL risk. Conversely, reporting exposure to mass malaria suppression programs (e.g., indoor residual insecticide) was associated with elevated risk. HIV seropositivity was associated with elevated eBL risk, but the relative impact was small. The study shows that it is feasible to conduct networked, multisite population\u2010based studies of eBL in Africa. eBL was inversely associated with socioeconomic status, positively associated with inpatient malaria treatment 12\u2009months ago and with living in areas targeted for malaria suppression, which support a role of malaria in eBL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T14:23:29Z","timestamp":1557152609000},"page":"953-969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Risk factors for Burkitt lymphoma in East African children and minors: A case\u2013control study in malaria\u2010endemic regions in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Sally","family":"Peprah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, 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