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Tissue specimens of cervical, vulvar, vaginal, penile and anal cancer diagnosed in 2012\u20132018 were retrieved from three cancer referral hospitals and tested for high\u2010risk (HR) HPV DNA. Cervical cancer represented the majority of cases (598 of 738), of which 96.0% were HR\u2010HPV positive. HPV\u2010attributable fractions in other cancer sites varied from 53.1% in 81 penile, through 76.7% in 30 vulvar, 83.3% in 24 vaginal, up to 100% in 5 anal cases. HPV16 was the predominant HR\u2010HPV type in cervical cancer (55.0%), followed by HPV18 (16.6%) and HPV45 (13.4%). HPV16 also predominated in other cancer sites (60\u201380% of HR\u2010HPV\u2010attributable fraction). For cervical cancer, type\u2010specific prevalence varied significantly by histology (higher alpha\u20109 type prevalence in 509 squamous cell carcinoma <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. higher alpha\u20107 type prevalence in 80 adenocarcinoma), but not between 501 HIV\u2010negative and 97 HIV\u2010positive cases. With respect to types targeted, and\/or cross\u2010protected, by HPV vaccines, HPV16\/18 accounted for 73%, HPV31\/33\/45\/52\/58 for an additional 22% and other HR\u2010HPV types for 5%, of HPV\u2010attributable cancer burden, with no significant difference by HIV status nor age. These data highlight the preventive potential of the ongoing national HPV vaccination program in Rwanda, and in sub\u2010Saharan Africa as a whole. Importantly for this region, the impact of HIV on the distribution of causal HPV types was relatively minor, confirming type\u2010specific relevance of HPV vaccines, irrespective of HIV status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,7]],"date-time":"2019-06-07T16:20:34Z","timestamp":1559924434000},"page":"1514-1522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical and other HPV\u2010related anogenital cancer in Rwanda, according to HIV status"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Tharcisse","family":"Mpunga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Butaro Cancer Centre of Excellence Ministry of Health  Butaro Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Chantal Umulisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre Ministry of 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