{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T13:53:21Z","timestamp":1764251601483},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,27]],"date-time":"2019-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 CA09001","P50 CA090381","R01 CA136578","R01 CA141298","R25 CA112355","U01 CA167552"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 CA09001","P50 CA090381","R01 CA136578","R01 CA141298","R25 CA112355","U01 CA167552"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000892","name":"Prostate Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Family history is among the strongest known risk factors for prostate cancer (PCa). Emerging data suggest molecular subtypes of PCa, including two somatic genetic aberrations: fusions of androgen\u2010regulated promoters with <jats:italic>ERG<\/jats:italic> and, separately, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss. We examined associations between family history and incidence of these subtypes in 44,126 men from the prospective Health Professionals Follow\u2010up Study. ERG and PTEN status were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Multivariable competing risks models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between self\u2010reported family history of PCa and molecular subtypes of disease. Thirteen percent of men had a positive family history of PCa at baseline. During a median follow\u2010up of 18.5 years, 5,511 PCa cases were diagnosed. Among them, 888 were assayed for ERG status (47% ERG\u2010positive) and 715 were assayed for PTEN loss (14% PTEN null). Family history was more strongly associated with risk of ERG\u2010negative (HR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.71\u20132.70) than ERG\u2010positive (HR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.13\u20131.95) disease (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>heterogeneity<\/jats:sub>: 0.04). The strongest difference was among men with an affected father (HR<jats:sub>ERG\u2010negative<\/jats:sub>: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.64\u20132.66; HR<jats:sub>ERG\u2010positive<\/jats:sub>: 1.30; 95% CI: 0.96\u20131.76; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>heterogeneity<\/jats:sub>: 0.01). Family history of PCa was positively associated with both PTEN null (HR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.26\u20133.49) and PTEN intact (HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.39\u20132.13) PCa (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>heterogeneity<\/jats:sub>: 0.47). Our results indicate that PCa family history may be positively associated with PCa in all ERG and PTEN subtypes, suggesting a role of genetic susceptibility in their development. It is possible that ERG\u2010negative disease could be especially associated with positive family history.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T16:14:36Z","timestamp":1563466476000},"page":"2694-2702","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Family history of prostate cancer and the incidence of ERG\u2010 and phosphatase and tensin homolog\u2010defined prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Dana","family":"Hashim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Tisch Cancer Institute  New York NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amparo G.","family":"Gonzalez\u2010Feliciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas U.","family":"Ahearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"},{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Bethesda MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Pettersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire H.","family":"Pernar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ericka M.","family":"Ebot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masis","family":"Isikbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen P.","family":"Finn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology St. James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin Medical School  Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward L.","family":"Giovannucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"},{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosina T.","family":"Lis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Loda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston MA"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Parmigiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology Dana\u2010Farber Cancer Institute  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Lotan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center  Baltimore MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip W.","family":"Kantoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center  New York NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorelei A.","family":"Mucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. 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