{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T03:04:01Z","timestamp":1792292641405,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,12]],"date-time":"2019-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12 HS026395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12 HS026395"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006093","name":"Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer\u2010related mortality. Identifying dietary and other modifiable disease determinants has important implications for risk attenuation in susceptible individuals. Our primary aim was to estimate the association between dietary and supplemental intakes of calcium and magnesium and the risk of incident gastric cancer. We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of the National Institutes of Health\u2010American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study. We used Cox proportional hazard modeling to estimate the association between calcium and magnesium intakes with risk of incident gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) overall and by anatomic location, noncardia GA (NCGA) and cardia GA (CGA). A total of 536,403 respondents (59% males, 41% females) were included for analysis, among whom 1,518 incident GAs (797 NCGA and 721 CGA) occurred. Increasing calcium intake was associated with lower risk of GA overall (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010trend = 0.05), driven primarily by the association with NCGA, where the above median calcium intakes were associated with a 23% reduction in risk compared to the lowest quartile (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010trend = 0.05). This magnitude of NCGA risk reduction was greater among nonwhite ethnic group and Hispanics (hazard ratio [HR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24\u20131.07,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010trend = 0.04), current\/former smokers (HR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.41\u20130.81), obese individuals (HR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.31\u20130.96) and those with high NCGA risk scores (HR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.31\u20130.80). Among men only, increasing magnesium intake was associated with 22\u201327% reduced risk of NCGA (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010trend = 0.05), while for the cohort, dietary magnesium intake in the highest\n                    <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                    . lowest quartile was associated with a 34% reduced risk of NCGA (HR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48\u20130.90). These findings have important implications for risk factor modification. Future investigations are needed not only to confirm our results, but to define mechanisms underlying these associations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,31]],"date-time":"2019-08-31T10:29:50Z","timestamp":1567247390000},"page":"2999-3010","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Associations between calcium and magnesium intake and the risk of incident gastric cancer: A prospective cohort analysis of the National Institutes of Health\u2010American Association of Retired Persons (NIH\u2010AARP) Diet and Health Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"146","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2049-9959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shailja C.","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System  Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangzhu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Richard M.","family":"Peek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Smalley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN"},{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System  Nashville TN"},{"name":"Department of Health Policy Vanderbilt University School of Medicine  Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christianne","family":"Roumie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System  Nashville TN"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha J.","family":"Shrubsole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville TN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-016-0603-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djx262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj393"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh265"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19981115)83:10<2049::AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2857"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2013.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0518"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533608314533"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114515004444"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.030924"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018237"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/86.3.743"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31824deb09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.22387"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.578"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.12.1119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980007000419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","unstructured":"Agricultural Research Service Design and Operation: The Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals and the Diet and Health Knowledge Survey 1994\u201396. 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