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Recently, a large systematic Mendelian randomization study identified a significant positive association between telomere length and risk of cancer. Here, we hypothesized that higher nevus count, as a phenotypic marker of longer telomere, may be associated with increased risk of internal cancer, and prospectively examined the association between nevus count and total as well as site\u2010specific cancer risk among participants in the Nurses\u2019 Health Study (NHS, 1986\u20132012) and the Nurses\u2019 Health Study 2 (NHS2, 1989\u20132013) using Cox proportional hazards models. During 3,900,264 person\u2010years of follow\u2010up, we documented a total of 23,004 internal cancer cases (15,484 in the NHS and 7,520 in the NHS2). Compared to participants who had no nevi, the multivariate hazard ratios of total cancer (excluding skin cancer) were 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03\u20131.09) for women with 1\u20135 nevi, 1.08 (95% CI, 1.03\u20131.15) for those who had 6\u201314 nevi and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.05\u20131.35) for those with 15 or more nevi (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> trend &lt;0.0001). Moreover, because nevus count has been associated with risk of breast cancer previously, we conducted a secondary analysis by excluding breast cancer from the outcomes of interest. The results were very similar to those of our primary analysis. For individual cancer, most of the associations with nevus count were positive but not statistically significant. In conclusion, we identified the number of cutaneous nevi as a phenotypic marker associated with internal cancer risk, which may be explained by telomere biology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T16:04:15Z","timestamp":1570550655000},"page":"14-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cutaneous nevi and internal cancer risk: Results from two large prospective cohorts of US women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0135-8800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health Indiana University  Indianapolis IN"},{"name":"Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center  Indianapolis IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis IN"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Giovannucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"},{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston MA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meir J.","family":"Stampfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"},{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston MA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State University  State College PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. 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