{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:35:25Z","timestamp":1761514525092,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14136","C570\/A16491","C8221\/A19170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14136","C570\/A16491","C8221\/A19170"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERC\u20102009\u2010AdG 232997"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC\u20102009\u2010AdG 232997"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1000143","MR\/M012190\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1000143","MR\/M012190\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endometrial cancer (EC) incidence rates vary ~10\u2010fold worldwide, in part due to variation in EC risk factor profiles. Using an EC risk model previously developed in the European EPIC cohort, we evaluated the prevention potential of modified EC risk factor patterns and whether differences in EC incidence between a European population and low\u2010risk countries can be explained by differences in these patterns. Predicted EC incidence rates were estimated over 10\u2009years of follow\u2010up for the cohort before and after modifying risk factor profiles. Risk factors considered were: body mass index (BMI, kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), use of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) and oral contraceptives (OC) (potentially modifiable); and, parity, ages at first birth, menarche and menopause (environmentally conditioned, but not readily modifiable). Modeled alterations in BMI (to all \u226423\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and HT use (to all non\u2010HT users) profiles resulted in a 30% reduction in predicted EC incidence rates; individually, longer duration of OC use (to all \u226510\u2009years) resulted in a 42.5% reduction. Modeled changes in not readily modifiable exposures (i.e., those not contributing to prevention potential) resulted in \u226424.6% reduction in predicted EC incidence. Women in the lowest decile of a risk score based on the evaluated exposures had risk similar to a low risk countries; however, this was driven by relatively long use of OCs (median = 23\u2009years). Our findings support avoidance of overweight BMI and of HT use as prevention strategies for EC in a European population; OC use must be considered in the context of benefits and risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T13:31:53Z","timestamp":1580736713000},"page":"1325-1333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Theoretical potential for endometrial cancer prevention through primary risk factor modification: Estimates from the EPIC cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1426-8505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9e T.","family":"Fortner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)  Heidelberg 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