{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T16:37:25Z","timestamp":1792255045354,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000092","name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014124","name":"Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014124","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined whether automated visual evaluation (AVE), a deep learning computer application for cervical cancer screening, can be used on cervix images taken by a contemporary smartphone camera. A large number of cervix images acquired by the commercial MobileODT EVA system were filtered for acceptable visual quality and then 7587 filtered images from 3221 women were annotated by a group of gynecologic oncologists (so the gold standard is an expert impression, not histopathology). We tested and analyzed on multiple random splits of the images using two deep learning, object detection networks. For all the receiver operating characteristics curves, the area under the curve values for the discrimination of the most likely precancer cases from least likely cases (most likely controls) were above 0.90. These results showed that AVE can classify cervix images with confidence scores that are strongly associated with expert evaluations of severity for the same images. The results on a small subset of images that have histopathologic diagnoses further supported the capability of AVE for predicting cervical precancer. We examined the associations of AVE severity score with gynecologic oncologist impression at all regions where we had a sufficient number of cases and controls, and the influence of a woman's age. The method was found generally resilient to regional variation in the appearance of the cervix. This work suggests that using AVE on smartphones could be a useful adjunct to health\u2010worker visual assessment with acetic acid, a cervical cancer screening method commonly used in low\u2010 and middle\u2010resource settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T05:27:31Z","timestamp":1588310851000},"page":"2416-2423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["A demonstration of automated visual evaluation of cervical images taken with a smartphone camera"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"147","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0644-385X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyun","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiva P.","family":"Novetsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ)  Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark H.","family":"Einstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ)  Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna Z.","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ)  Newark New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Befano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Management Services, Inc  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Demarco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1251-0836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Wentzensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard Rodney","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Schiffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer","family":"Antani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.01.091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djy225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-58838-4_27"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-008-9134-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2016.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009715923555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3065386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2577031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","unstructured":"GirshickR. 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