{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:45:02Z","timestamp":1789019102498,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]],"date-time":"2020-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Even 30\u2009years after the accident, an association between breast cancer incidence and ionizing radiation exposure from Chernobyl fallout remains uncertain. We studied breast cancer incidence in the most contaminated regions of Belarus (Gomel and Mogilev) and Ukraine (Kyiv, Zhytomyr and Chernihiv) before (1978\u20101986) and after (1987\u20102016) the accident. Breast cancer cases and female population size data were received from the national cancer registries and the state departments of statistics. The study included 85\u2009132 breast cancers with 150 million person\u2010years at risk. We estimated annual rayon (district)\u2010average absorbed doses to the breast from external and internal irradiation of the adult female population over the period of 1986\u20102016. We studied an association between rayon\u2010average cumulative absorbed breast dose with 5\u2010year lag, that is, excluding the exposure in 5\u2009years prior to breast cancer diagnosis, and breast cancer incidence using negative binomial regression models. Mean (median) cumulative breast dose in 2016 was 12.3 (5.0) milligray (mGy) in Belarus and 5.7 (2.3) mGy in Ukraine, with the maximum dose of 55\u2009mGy and 54\u2009mGy, respectively. Breast cancer incidence rates statistically significantly increased with calendar year and attained age, and were higher in urban than in rural residents. Adjusting for time, age and urbanicity effects, we found no evidence of increasing incidence with rayon\u2010average 5\u2010year lagged cumulative breast dose. Owing to ecological study design limitations, a case\u2010control study covering this area with individually reconstructed absorbed breast doses is needed testing for association between low\u2010dose protracted radiation exposure and breast cancer risk after Chernobyl.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]],"date-time":"2020-10-16T14:52:17Z","timestamp":1602859937000},"page":"1839-1849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Breast cancer incidence in the regions of Belarus and Ukraine most contaminated by the Chernobyl accident: 1978 to 2016"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2144-4247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ljubica","family":"Zupunski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Environment and Radiation International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alesia","family":"Yaumenenka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Control Department N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus  Minsk Belarus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Ryzhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Department of General Mathematics Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv  Kyiv Ukraine"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Control with the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine National Cancer Institute  Kyiv Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilya","family":"Veyalkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Laboratory The Republican Research Centre for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology  Gomel Belarus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Drozdovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergii","family":"Masiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dosimetry and Radiation Hygiene Department, Health Physics and Epidemiology Institute State Institution \u201cNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine\u201d  Kyiv Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olha","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dosimetry and Radiation Hygiene Department, Health Physics and Epidemiology Institute State Institution \u201cNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine\u201d  Kyiv Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ausrele","family":"Kesminiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Environment and Radiation International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eero","family":"Pukkala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Cancer Registry\u2014Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Faculty of Social Sciences Tampere University  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Moiseev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Control Department N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus  Minsk Belarus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anatoly","family":"Prysyazhnyuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Department, Health Physics and Epidemiology Institute State Institution \u201cNational Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine\u201d  Kyiv Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Sch\u00fcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Environment and Radiation International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgenia","family":"Ostroumova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Environment and Radiation International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"2011","volume-title":"Report, Volume II Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes C, D and E\u2014Effects","author":"UNSCEAR","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HP.0000279019.23900.62"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0303-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-007-0093-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21885"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans; Ionizing Radiation, Part 1: X\u2010 and Gamma (\u03b3)\u2010Radiation, and Neutrons","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","volume-title":"Effects of Ionizing Radiation, Unscear 2006 Report, Volume I: Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes A and B","author":"United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/0033-7587(2002)158[0220:REOBCR]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3082"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/RR0763.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-6-67"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/RR14492.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604775"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/RR14023.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/RR15015.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz214"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","volume-title":"Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Volume VIII, IARC Scientific Publication No. 155","author":"Parkin DM","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2018.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","volume-title":"Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Volume XI, (electronic version)","author":"Bray F","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","author":"Fedorenko ZP","journal-title":"Cancer in Ukraine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","volume-title":"Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Volume X, IARC Scientific Publication No. 164","author":"Forman D","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33145\/2304-8336-2018-23-164-187"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-200203000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HP.0000183761.30158.c1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10512-014-9902-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvrad.2012.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-200010000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","volume-title":"Epicure User's Guide","author":"Preston DL","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","volume-title":"Stata 14 Base Reference Manual","author":"StataCorp","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2018.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trends in solid tumor incidence in Ukraine 30years after Chernobyl","volume":"5","author":"Leung KM","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Glob Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djz106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","volume-title":"20\u2009Years after the Chernobyl Catastrophe: the Consequences in the Republic of Belarus and their Overcoming. 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