{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:09:32Z","timestamp":1791443372668,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,21]],"date-time":"2020-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/igo\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Esophageal sponge cytology is an endoscopy alternative well accepted by patients with extensive data for accuracy in the context of adenocarcinoma. Few studies have assessed its feasibility in asymptomatic community members, and fewer still in East Africa, where esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) rates are high. We aimed to assess the feasibility of a capsule\u2010based diagnosis of esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD), an ESCC precursor, which may benefit epidemiological and early detection research. We collected Cytosponge collections in 102 asymptomatic adults from Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Uptake, acceptability and safety were assessed. Participants scored acceptability immediately following the procedure and 7\u2009days later on a scale of 0 (least) to 10 (most acceptable). Slides from paraffin\u2010embedded cell clots were read by two pathologists for ESD and other pathologies. All participants (52 men, 50 women, aged 30\u201077) swallowed the device at first attempt, 100 (98%) of which gave slides of adequate cellularity. Acceptability scores were 10 (53%), 9 (24%), 8 (21%), 7 (2%) and 6 (1%), with no differences by age, sex or time of asking. Cytological findings were esophageal inflammation (4%), atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance (1%), low\u2010grade dysplasia (1%), gastritis (22%) and suspected intestinal metaplasia (6%). Setting\u2010specific logistical and ethical considerations of study implementation are discussed. We demonstrate the safety, acceptability and feasibility of Cytosponge sampling in this setting, paving the way for innovative etiology and early\u2010detection research. Targeted sampling strategies and biomarker development will underpin the success of such initiatives. The study protocol is registered on <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> (NCT04090554).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T20:45:41Z","timestamp":1604177141000},"page":"1208-1218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Minimally invasive esophageal sponge cytology sampling is feasible in a Tanzanian community setting"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2450-8610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel R. 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