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To characterize familial risk of bladder cancer, we examined the relationship between family history of bladder and other types of cancer among first\u2010degree relatives and risk of bladder cancer in 1193 bladder cancer cases and 1418 controls in a large population\u2010based case\u2010control study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between family history of bladder cancer (defined as at least one first\u2010degree family member with bladder cancer or a cancer of any other site). We also evaluated cancer aggregation of specific sites in family members. Participants with a first\u2010degree relative with bladder cancer had nearly double the risk of bladder cancer (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.2\u20102.9) as those without a family history of bladder cancer. Risk was increased for having a sibling with bladder cancer (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.3\u20105.3) compared to no siblings with cancer. Bladder cancer risk was elevated when participants reported a first\u2010degree relative with a history of female genital cancer (OR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.1\u20102.1), melanoma (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.02\u20103.6), and tobacco\u2010associated cancer (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.06\u20101.6). These findings add to evidence of a familial predisposition to bladder cancer. Clarification of the aggregation of bladder cancer in families and with other cancer sites will be of interest as many loci and common polymorphisms related to bladder cancer have yet to be identified in large genomic studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T05:09:05Z","timestamp":1611810545000},"page":"2915-2923","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Bladder cancer risk associated with family history of cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"148","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5294-5485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stella","family":"Koutros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathy L.","family":"Decker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern Maine, Muskie School of Public Service, Cutler Institute  Augusta Maine USA"},{"name":"Maine Department of Health and Human Services Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Environmental and Community Health  Augusta Maine USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalsu","family":"Baris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly of the Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larissa A.","family":"Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly of the Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology 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