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The objective of our study was to test the presence of EBV in a nationally representative sample of malignant lymphomas diagnosed in the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence (BCCOE) in Rwanda. Of 102 Hodgkin (HL) and 378 non\u2010Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) diagnosed in BCCOE between 2012 and 2018, 52 HL and 207 NHL were successfully tested by EBV\u2010encoding RNA in\u2009situ hybridization. EBV prevalence was 54% in HL, being detected in all classical HL subtypes: mixed\u2010cellularity (n\u00a0=\u00a03\/8), nodular\u2010sclerosis (n\u00a0=\u00a07\/17) and lymphocyte\u2010rich (n\u00a0=\u00a02\/3). EBV prevalence was 9% in NHL, being 10% among 158 B\u2010cell NHL, 3% among 35 T\u2010cell NHL and the single NK\u2010cell NHL was EBV\u2010positive. Among B\u2010cell NHL, EBV was present in the majority of Burkitt (n\u00a0=\u00a08\/13), and was also rarely detected in follicular (n\u00a0=\u00a01\/4) and acute B\u2010cell lymphoblastic (n\u00a0=\u00a01\/45) lymphomas. Five of the 45 (11%) diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) were EBV\u2010positive, including three out of five plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL). Of 39 HL and 163 NHL of known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, 2 (5%) and 14 (9%) were HIV\u2010positive, respectively, of which only four were also EBV\u2010positive (2 PBL, 2 HL). In summary, we report rare regional\u2010level data on the association of EBV with classical HL, Burkitt and DLBCLs, and report sporadic detection in other subtypes possibly related to EBV. Such data inform the burden of disease caused by EBV and can help guide application of future advances in EBV\u2010specific prevention and therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T12:50:10Z","timestamp":1633783810000},"page":"753-760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["<scp>Epstein\u2010Barr<\/scp> virus prevalence among subtypes of malignant lymphoma in Rwanda, 2012 to 2018"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Tharcisse","family":"Mpunga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence Ministry of Health  Butaro Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7534-333X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary M.","family":"Clifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Danny A.","family":"Milner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"American Society for Clinical Pathology  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-277X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"de Martel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyprien","family":"Munyanshongore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Rwanda  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaspard","family":"Muvugabigwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence Ministry of Health  Butaro Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Damien","family":"Combes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"IARC.Biological agents. 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