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The HIV epidemic has vastly increased the KS burden. We developed a methodology to provide global estimates of KS burden according to HIV status. A systematic review identified studies reporting HIV prevalence in consecutive KS series. Pooled estimates of HIV prevalence, by country or UN subregion, were used to calculate population\u2010attributable fraction (PAF) and these were applied to IARC's GLOBOCAN 2020 to estimate burden and incidence of HIV\u2010attributable and non\u2010HIV\u2010attributable KS. We identified 55 eligible studies, reporting HIV prevalence ranging from \u22645% to \u226595%. Approximately 80% of KS in SSA was estimated attributable to HIV, vs ~50% in the rest of the world. By applying PAFs to national GLOBOCAN estimates, an estimated 19\u2009560 KS cases attributable to HIV were diagnosed in SSA in 2020 (~80% of the worldwide burden), vs 5064 cases of non\u2010HIV\u2010attributable KS (~60% of the worldwide burden). Incidence of HIV\u2010attributable KS was highest in Southern Africa (6.0 cases per 100\u2009000) and Eastern Africa (3.4), which were also the world regions with highest incidence of non\u2010HIV\u2010attributable KS (0.4 and 1.0 cases per 100\u2009000, respectively). This first systematic effort to produce a global picture of KS burden stratified by HIV status highlights the continuing important burden of HIV\u2010attributable KS in SSA, even in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T14:28:52Z","timestamp":1643293732000},"page":"1948-1957","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Burden of Kaposi sarcoma according to\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    status: A systematic review and global analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"150","author":[{"given":"Ahmadaye","family":"Ibrahim Khalil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Franceschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS  Aviano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-277X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"de Martel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3248-7787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Freddie","family":"Bray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Surveillance Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7534-333X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary M.","family":"Clifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC\/WHO)  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today","author":"Ferlay J","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0060-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2005.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90001-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910540106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70175-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000238411.75324.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-21-0008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182750"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28125"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix480"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1994.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer.Cancers Attributable to Infection.https:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/causes\/infections\/home. 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