{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T01:06:49Z","timestamp":1790730409167,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005972","name":"Deutsche Krebshilfe","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005972","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PROBASE is a population\u2010based, randomized trial of 46\u2009495 German men recruited at age 45 to compare effects of risk\u2010adapted prostate cancer (PCa) screening starting either immediately at age 45, or at a deferred age of 50\u2009years. Based on prostate\u2010specific antigen (PSA) levels, men are classified into risk groups with different screening intervals: low\u2010risk (&lt;1.5\u00a0ng\/ml, 5\u2010yearly screening), intermediate\u2010risk (1.5\u20102.99\u2009ng\/ml, 2 yearly), and high risk (&gt;3\u00a0ng\/ml, recommendation for immediate biopsy). Over the first 6\u2009years of study participation, attendance rates to scheduled screening visits varied from 70.5% to 79.4%, depending on the study arm and risk group allocation, in addition 11.2% to 25.4% of men reported self\u2010initiated PSA tests outside the PROBASE protocol. 38.5% of participants had a history of digital rectal examination or PSA testing prior to recruitment to PROBASE, frequently associated with family history of PCa. These men showed higher rates (33% to 57%, depending on subgroups) of self\u2010initiated PSA testing in\u2010between PROBASE screening rounds. In the high\u2010risk groups (both arms), the biopsy acceptance rate was 64% overall, but was higher among men with screening PSA \u22654\u00a0ng\/ml (&gt;71%) and with PIRADS \u22653 findings upon multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) (&gt;72%), compared with men with PSA \u22653 to 4\u00a0ng\/ml (57%) or PIRADS score\u2009\u2264\u20092 (59%). Overall, PROBASE shows good acceptance of a risk\u2010adapted PCa screening strategy in Germany. Implementation of such a strategy should be accompanied by a well\u2010structured communication, to explain not only the benefits but also the harms of PSA screening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T11:24:49Z","timestamp":1663586689000},"page":"854-864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Adherence to a risk\u2010adapted screening strategy for prostate cancer: First results of the\n                    <scp>PROBASE<\/scp>\n                    trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"152","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8192-9759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agne","family":"Krilaviciute","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Personalized Early Detection of Prostate Cancer German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)  Heidelberg 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