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We used data from seven case\u2010control studies nested within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study of blood DNA methylation and risk of colorectal, gastric, kidney, lung, prostate and urothelial cancer, and B\u2010cell lymphoma (N cases\u00a0=\u00a03123). Methylation scores (MS) for smoking, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption were calculated based on published data as weighted averages of methylation values. Rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals for association with cancer risk were estimated using conditional logistic regression and expressed per SD increase of the MS, with and without adjustment for health\u2010related confounders. The contribution of MS to discriminate cases from controls was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC). After confounder adjustment, we observed: large associations (RR\u00a0=\u00a01.5\u20101.7) with lung cancer risk for smoking MS; moderate associations (RR\u00a0=\u00a01.2\u20101.3) with urothelial cancer risk for smoking MS and with mature B\u2010cell neoplasm risk for BMI and alcohol MS; moderate to small associations (RR\u00a0=\u00a01.1\u20101.2) for BMI and alcohol MS with several cancer types and cancer overall. Generally small AUC increases were observed after inclusion of several MS in the same model (colorectal, gastric, kidney, urothelial cancers: +3%; lung cancer: +7%; B\u2010cell neoplasms: +8%). Methylation scores for smoking, BMI and alcohol consumption show independent associations with cancer risk, and may provide some improvements in risk prediction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T03:34:04Z","timestamp":1678851244000},"page":"489-498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Methylation scores for smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index and risk of seven types of cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2736-3023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre\u2010Antoine","family":"Dugu\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Division Cancer Council Victoria  Melbourne Victoria 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Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic Royal Melbourne Hospital  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7157-419X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Severi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Epid\u00e9miologie et Sant\u00e9 des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018) Facult\u00e9s de M\u00e9decine Universit\u00e9s Paris\u2010Saclay, UVSQ, Gustave Roussy  Villejuif France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7828-8188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dallas R.","family":"English","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Division Cancer Council Victoria  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria 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