{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T07:36:04Z","timestamp":1767857764476,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although an association has been reported between diuretics and myocarditis, it is unclear whether the risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)\u2010induced myocarditis is affected by concomitant diuretics. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of concomitant diuretics on ICI\u2010induced myocarditis. This cross\u2010sectional study used disproportionality analysis and a pharmacovigilance database to assess the risk of myocarditis with various diuretics in patients receiving ICIs via the analysis of data entered into the VigiBase database through December 2022. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for myocarditis in patients who received ICIs. A total of 90\u2009611 patients who received ICIs, including 975 cases of myocarditis, were included as the eligible dataset. A disproportionality in myocarditis was observed for loop diuretic use (reporting odds ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02\u20102.04, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.03) and thiazide use (reporting odds ratio 1.76, 95% CI 1.20\u20102.50, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) in patients who received ICIs. The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the use of thiazides (odds ratio 1.67, 95% CI 1.15\u20102.34, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) was associated with an increased risk of myocarditis in patients who received ICIs. Our findings may help to predict the risk of myocarditis in patients receiving ICIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T13:29:02Z","timestamp":1686576542000},"page":"1472-1476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Association between immune checkpoint inhibitor\u2010induced myocarditis and concomitant use of thiazide diuretics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"153","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6244-1253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satoru","family":"Mitsuboshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Kaetsu Hospital  Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2231-0179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Hamano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Okayama University Hospital  Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Niimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trial Center for Developmental Therapeutics Tokushima University Hospital  Tokushima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aya F.","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pranav M.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsung\u2010Jen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Taoyuan City 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