{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T01:56:30Z","timestamp":1781661390299,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008730","name":"Kreftforeningen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["182687\u20102016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["182687\u20102016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008730","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>With the objective to investigate associations between sociodemographic characteristics and participation in interventions designed to increase participation in cervical cancer screening among under\u2010screened women, we randomized a random sample of 6000 women in Norway aged 35\u201369\u2009years who had not attended cervical screening for \u226510\u2009years to receive either (i) a reminder to attend regular screening (control), (ii) an offer to order a self\u2010sampling kit (opt\u2010in), or (iii) a self\u2010sampling kit unsolicited (send\u2010to\u2010all). We analyzed how sociodemographic characteristics were associated with screening participation within and between screening arms. In the send\u2010to\u2010all arm, increased screening participation ranged from 17.1% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]\u2009=\u200910.3% to 23.8%) to 30.0% (95% CI\u2009=\u200921.5% to 38.6%) between sociodemographic groups. In the opt\u2010in arm, we observed smaller, and at times, non\u2010significant increases within the range 0.7% (95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22125.8% to 7.3%) to 19.1% (95% CI\u2009=\u200911.6% to 26.7%). In send\u2010to\u2010all versus control comparisons, there was greater increase in participation for women in the workforce versus not (6.1%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.6% to 10.6%), with higher versus lower income (7.6%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.2% to 13.1%), and with university versus primary education (8.5%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.4% to 14.6%). In opt\u2010in versus control comparisons, there was greater increase in participation for women in the workforce versus not (4.6%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.7% to 8.5%), with higher versus lower income (6.3%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.5% to 11.1%), but lower increase for Eastern European versus Norwegian background (\u221212.7%, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u221219.7% to \u22125.7%). Self\u2010sampling increased cervical screening participation across all sociodemographic levels, but inequalities in participation should be considered when introducing self\u2010sampling, especially with the goal to reach long\u2010term non\u2010attending women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34989","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T04:39:56Z","timestamp":1715834396000},"page":"1053-1067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sociodemographic characteristics associated with cervical cancer screening participation by send\u2010to\u2010all and opt\u2010in <scp>HPV<\/scp> self\u2010sampling: Who benefits? Results from a randomized controlled trial among long\u2010term non\u2010attending women in Norway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"155","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2765-4488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo T.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Vaccine Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4100-4855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mari","family":"Nyg\u00e5rd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phil E.","family":"Castle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Rockville Maryland USA"},{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6657-5849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily A.","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Management and Health Economics University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Harvard Center for Health Decision Science Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8981-5374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunvor","family":"Aasb\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Health Science University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-2-35"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"682","article-title":"Livmorhalskreft etter ti \u00e5rs offentlig koordinert screening","volume":"128","author":"Haldorsen T","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tidsskr nor Legeforen"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djn099"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/jms.2009.009073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2015.248"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029505"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.77.7912"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckx093"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2016.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-018-0768-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20467"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23843"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-1159"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cks146"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4823"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"369","volume-title":"Social Inequalities and Cancered","author":"Segnan N","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02741-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13143483"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195447"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S164826"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.44343"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2016.290"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-022-01954-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-22-0340"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","unstructured":"Statistics Norway.Centrality Index. Updates with 2020\u20132024 municipalities. [In Norwegian]."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-007-9077-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00232"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-075465","article-title":"Effect of invitation letter in language of origin on screening attendance: randomised controlled trial in BreastScreen Norway","volume":"382","author":"Hofvind S","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2005.40245.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/ijph.2021.598083"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2137237"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05663-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGP.2021.0350"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2020-003743"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.11.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-0480"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-11-0307"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-22-0712"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969141314558785"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2022.10.027"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.34989","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T11:29:06Z","timestamp":1721042946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijc.34989"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijc.34989"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.34989","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7136","1097-0215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7136","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}