{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T06:13:49Z","timestamp":1771049629350,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>At the end of 2022, a huge tide of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection mainly Omicron BA.4\/5 developed in China. Multiple myeloma (MM) patients suffered cancer deterioration and mortality from COVID\u201019, yet profound analyses of Omicron variants\u2010induced immunity function are scarce. We presented a longitudinal study in 218\u2009MM patients and 73 healthy controls (HCs), reporting the prognostic factors and dynamic humoral and cellular immune responses. Neutralizing antibody and interferon \u03b3 ELISpot assay of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 was tested at three time points: 2\u20134, 8\u201310, and 14\u201316\u2009weeks after infections. Our data showed older age, active MM, relapsed\/refractory MM (R\/RMM), immunotherapy, comorbidity, and non\u2010vaccination were risk factors associated with hospitalization. Severe humoral immunity impairment within 2\u20134\u2009weeks was especially seen in patients with unvaccinated, older age, immunotherapy, R\/RMM and comorbidities, while T\u2010cell response was relatively intact. Although antibodies of Omicron variants reached positive levels in MM patients at 8\u201310\u2009weeks, half lost effective antibody protection at 14\u201316\u2009weeks. However, most seronegative patients (76.2% at 2\u20134\u2009weeks, 83.3% at 8\u201310\u2009weeks) could develop effective T\u2010cell response. Notably, the inactivated wild\u2010type vaccinated patients exhibited weaker humoral and cellular immunity only at 2\u20134\u2009weeks, escalating to similar levels as those in HCs later. Our findings indicate impairment of humoral immunity at acute\u2010phase after infection is the major factor correlated with hospitalization. One\u2010month suspension of immune therapy is suggested to prevent serious infection. These results confirm the value of inactivated vaccine, but indicate the need for additional booster at 14\u201316\u2009weeks after infection for high\u2010risk MM population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T11:58:46Z","timestamp":1719316726000},"page":"1500-1509","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impaired acute\u2010phase humoral immunity is the major factor predicting unfavorable outcomes in multiple myeloma patients with\n                    <scp>SARS<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>CoV<\/scp>\n                    \u20102 Omicron variants outbreak infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"155","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0341-6098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziping","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiwen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haolong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fujing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianghong","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuangjiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongzhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junling","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30442-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020008150"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2007.06705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-016-0345-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(21)00278-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035389"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-023-01920-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","unstructured":"International Myeloma Society (IMS).Recommendations for anti\u2010COVID\u201019 vaccination in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and related conditions AL amyloidosis and other monoclonal gammopathies of clinical significance. Accessed March 24 2021.https:\/\/cms.cws.net\/content\/beta.myelomasociety.org\/files\/PM%20COVID%20vaccination%20in%20MM%20guidelines%20The%20Final.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","unstructured":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed January 25 2023.https:\/\/www.chinacdc.cn\/jkzt\/crb\/zl\/szkb_11803\/jszl_13141\/202301\/t20230125_263519.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-068632"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2021.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.17877"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2022.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"The State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China. Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID\u201019 Patients (Trial Version 10). Accessed January 5 2023.https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/zhengceku\/2023\u201001\/06\/5735343\/files\/5844ce04246b431dbd322d8ba10afb48.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28428"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26626"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-021-00588-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2021.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2022.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04232-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-021-00275-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108728"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15502"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.35063","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ijc.35063","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.35063","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T05:42:00Z","timestamp":1771047720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijc.35063"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijc.35063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.35063","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7136","1097-0215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7136","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}