{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T00:48:41Z","timestamp":1781311721140,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV\u2010007104 \/ OPP1053353"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV\u2010007104 \/ OPP1053353"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Assessing the risk of cancer among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the current era of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial, given their increased susceptibility to many types of cancer and prolonged survival due to ART exposure. Our study aims to compare the association between HIV infection and specific cancer sites in Rwanda. Population\u2010based cancer registry data were used to identify cancer cases in both PLHIV and HIV\u2010negative persons. A probabilistic record linkage approach between the HIV and cancer registries was used to supplement HIV status ascertainment in the cancer registry. Associations between HIV infection and different cancer types were evaluated using unconditional logistic regression models. We performed several sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our findings and to evaluate the potential impact of different assumptions on our results. From 2007 to 2018, the cancer registry recorded 17,679 cases, of which 7% were diagnosed among PLHIV. We found significant associations between HIV infection and Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 29.1, 95% CI: 23.2\u201336.6), non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (1.6, 1.3\u20132.0), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) (1.6, 1.1\u20132.4), cervical (2.3, 2.0\u20132.7), vulvar (4.0, 2.5\u20136.5), penile (3.0, 2.0\u20134.5), and eye cancers (2.2, 1.6\u20133.0). Men living with HIV had a higher risk of anal cancer (3.1, 1.0\u20139.5) than men without HIV, but women living with HIV did not have higher risk than women without HIV (1.0, 0.2\u20134.3). Our study found that in an era of expanded ART coverage in Rwanda, HIV is associated with a broad range of cancers, particularly those linked to viral infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T22:53:38Z","timestamp":1723416818000},"page":"2149-2158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cancer risk among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (\n                    <scp>HIV)<\/scp>\n                    in Rwanda from 2007 to 2018"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"155","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5721-100X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Claude","family":"Dusingize","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology, Prevention &amp; Control Program Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gad","family":"Murenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Einstein\u2010Rwanda Research and Capacity Building Program Research for Development (RD Rwanda)  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Muhoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Einstein\u2010Rwanda Research and Capacity Building Program Research for Development (RD Rwanda)  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Businge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Remera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francois","family":"Uwinkindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Hagenimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gallican","family":"Rwibasira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabin","family":"Nsanzimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ministry of Health of Rwanda  Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip E.","family":"Castle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisions of Cancer Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Anastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and of Epidemiology &amp; Population Health Albert Einstein College of Medicine  Bronx New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7534-333X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary M.","family":"Clifford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Early Detection Prevention and Infections Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon 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