{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T01:51:58Z","timestamp":1792461118223,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anal squamous cell carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASCC<\/jats:styled-content>) incidence is increasing globally. International consensus guidelines published in 2024 include <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> and\/or cytology testing of anal swabs in those at greatest risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASCC<\/jats:styled-content>. Self\u2010collected anal swabs may be important for increasing screening uptake, but evidence is needed as to their equivalence to clinician\u2010collected swabs. We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases for publications to 13 June 2023. Studies were included if reporting data on HPV testing, cytology testing, or acceptability, for both self\u2010 and clinician\u2010collected anal swabs. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS\u20102 assessment tool. The primary outcome was HPV and cytology sampling adequacy. Secondary outcomes were HPV and cytology results, and acceptability of collection methods. Thirteen papers describing 10 studies were eligible. Sample adequacy was comparable between self\u2010 and clinician\u2010collected swabs for HPV testing (meta\u2010adequacy ratio: 1.01 [95% CI 0.97\u20131.05]) but slightly lower for cytology by self\u2010collection (meta\u2010adequacy ratio: 0.91 [95% CI 0.88\u20130.95]). There was no significant difference in prevalence (meta\u2010prevalence ratio: 0.83 (95% CI 0.65\u20131.07) for any HR\u2010HPV, 0.98 (95% CI 0.84\u20131.14) for any HPV, and 0.68 (95% CI 0.33\u20131.37) for HPV16), or any cytological abnormality (meta\u2010prevalence ratio 1.01 [95% CI 0.86\u20131.18]). Only three papers reported acceptability results. Findings indicate self\u2010collection gives equivalent sample adequacy for HPV testing and\u2009~\u200910% inferior adequacy for cytological testing. Meta\u2010prevalence was similar for HPV and cytology, but confidence intervals were wide. Larger studies are required to definitively assess use of self\u2010collected swabs in anal cancer screening programs, including acceptability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T10:04:17Z","timestamp":1723629857000},"page":"79-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Self\u2010collected versus clinician\u2010collected anal swabs for anal cancer screening: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"156","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6950-4029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clare E. 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