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We designed a study to compare the effect of propofol\u2010based total intravenous anesthesia and sevoflurane\u2010based general anesthesia\u2014on antitumor immunity, including tumor growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2), T\u2010helper cell profile, and inflammatory markers. A pilot prospective randomized trial was conducted in 64 patients undergoing surgery for gall bladder malignancy under general anesthesia in a tertiary specialty cancer hospital. Adult cancer patients of ASA physical status I\u2010III fulfilling the inclusion criteria were randomized to either group S (sevoflurane\u2010based general anesthesia) or group T (propofol\u2010based total intravenous anesthesia). Preoperative (morning of surgery) and postoperative (24\u2009h and 1\u2009month after surgery) blood samples were obtained. Demographic profile and preoperative parameters were comparable between both groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the postoperative value of TGF\u2010\u03b2 (higher in group T). There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative interleukin\u201017A value (indicative of TH17 cells), and it was found to be higher in group S. Propofol\u2010based TIVA increases serum TGF\u2010\u03b2 levels. At the same time, Sevoflurane modulates T\u2010helper cells\u2010based immunity to increase TH17 cells in patients with gall bladder cancer. Multiple larger studies will be required to validate the results and provide useful recommendations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T09:04:15Z","timestamp":1728464655000},"page":"447-455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of anesthetic technique on antitumor immunity in patients undergoing surgery for gall bladder cancer: <scp>A<\/scp> prospective randomized comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"156","author":[{"given":"Ankit","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lata","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi 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