{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:18:40Z","timestamp":1777663120259,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF18OC0052346"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF18OC0052346"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010809","name":"Jascha Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5570"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5570"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whether fertility treatment increases the risk of ovarian cancer has been a concern for many decades, but previous research has yielded conflicting findings. We therefore investigated this association within a large population\u2010based cohort study of infertile women aged 20\u201345\u2009years and living in Denmark between 1995 and 2017, as identified in the Danish Infertility Cohort (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009146,110). The study cohort was linked to nationwide registers to obtain information on fertility drug use, cancer diagnoses, covariates, emigration, and vital status was. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with adjustment for potential confounders for ovarian cancer overall and for serous ovarian cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. During a median 10.3\u2009years of follow\u2010up, 114 women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer of which 65 had serous ovarian cancer. Our results showed that the rate of serous ovarian cancer (HR 1.92; 95% CI 1.16\u20133.17) was increased after every use of progesterone but the association was not affected by increased follow\u2010up time since first use or with increased cumulative dose. We performed a secondary analysis adding less extensive data from 1971 through 1994 from the Danish Infertility Cohort. In this study cohort, 332 women developed ovarian cancer of which 192 had serous ovarian cancer. The overall results were similar, including the association between every use of progesterone and serous ovarian cancer (HR 2.05: 95% CI: 1.31\u20133.21). In conclusion, the novel finding that use of progesterone is associated with an increased rate of serous ovarian cancer warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T08:01:13Z","timestamp":1731571273000},"page":"1541-1551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fertility treatment and risk of ovarian cancer in a large nationwide cohort of infertile Danish women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"156","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8124-4880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allan","family":"Jensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virus, Lifestyle and Genes Danish Cancer Institute  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Guleria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virus, Lifestyle and Genes Danish Cancer Institute  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanna","family":"Albieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics and Data Analysis Danish Cancer Institute  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bugge","family":"N\u00f8hr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virus, Lifestyle and Genes Danish Cancer Institute  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital of Herlev and Gentofte  Herlev Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7919-6613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten","family":"Frederiksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics and Data Analysis Danish Cancer Institute  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne K.","family":"Kj\u00e6r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virus, Lifestyle and Genes Danish Cancer Institute  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"IARC.Estimated age\u2010standardized incidence and mortality rates (World) in 2018 all cancers females all ages.2019http:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/today\/home"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20892\/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0084"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.299.6694.309"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"292","article-title":"Incessant ovulation and ovarian cancer\u2014a hypothesis re\u2010visited","volume":"5","author":"Fathalla MF","year":"2013","journal-title":"Facts, Views & Vision in ObGyn"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/90.23.1774"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116429"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58020-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199409223311204"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.01.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev124"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der322"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez165"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0809"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-015-2035-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009397"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)00085-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.8.2209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000128139.92313.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn318"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b249"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(01)02986-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-022-02097-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaa163"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa293"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-022-01084-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-019-00540-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2012.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.07.1135"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq307"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)05203-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2644"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-12-0426"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","article-title":"Risk of ovarian cancer in women treated with ovarian stimulating drugs for infertility","volume":"2019","author":"Rizzuto I","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoab026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for ATC Classification and DDD Assignment 2022","author":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu297"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2024.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2016.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32864"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","volume-title":"12th Report on Carcinogens (Rep Carcinogen 2011)","author":"Program NT","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60534-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2013.24.2.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2013595117"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Pathogenesis of ovarian cancer: lessons from morphology and molecular biology and their clinical implications","volume":"27","author":"Kurman RJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12948"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.35251","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T07:43:39Z","timestamp":1739519019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijc.35251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijc.35251"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.35251","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7136","1097-0215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7136","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}