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Brain tumors diagnosed in Finland during 1990\u20132016 were identified by the Finnish Cancer Registry. For each case, three age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls were sampled from the Population Information System. The study population was linked to a CT dataset encompassing pediatric CTs performed in Finland during 1975\u20132011. We implemented a 5\u2010year lag period and excluded participants with cancer predisposition syndromes or previous malignancies. We estimated brain doses using the NCICT program. Overall, 1067 brain tumors were diagnosed in children aged 0\u201315\u2009years during 1990\u20132016, 58% of which were gliomas. Among eligible participants, nine cases (1%) and 10 controls (0.4%) had undergone at least one head\/neck CT scan. The mean cumulative brain dose was 22\u2009mGy for exposed participants. Participants who had undergone one or more head\/neck CTs had a higher risk of developing brain tumors compared to unexposed individuals (Odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20092.84, 95% CI 1.12, 7.19). The excess OR (EOR) per 100\u2009mGy of brain dose was 5.50 (95% CI 0.31, 10.95) for all brain tumors, and 1.06 (95% CI \u22126.55, 9.30) for gliomas. Our results suggest a positive association between head\/neck CT imaging and the risk of childhood brain tumors. These findings contribute to the existing knowledge about the hazards of low dose ionizing radiation in pediatric populations. Further research with more precise dosimetry, including dose distribution within the brain, is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,30]],"date-time":"2024-12-30T00:40:04Z","timestamp":1735519204000},"page":"2148-2157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Risk of childhood brain tumors after exposure to CT radiation: A nationwide population\u2010based case\u2013control study in Finland"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"156","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4798-7004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jad","family":"Abuhamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences Tampere University  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atte","family":"Nikkil\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TamCAM\u2014Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research Tampere University  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jani","family":"Raitanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences Tampere University  Tampere Finland"},{"name":"UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olli","family":"Lohi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TamCAM\u2014Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research Tampere University  Tampere Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Tays Cancer Center Tampere University Hospital  Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anssi","family":"Auvinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences Tampere University  Tampere Finland"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Tays Cancer Center Tampere University Hospital  Tampere Finland"},{"name":"STUK\u2014Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Environmental Surveillance  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"ICRP Publication 121: Radiological Protection in Paediatric Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology","author":"International Commission on Radiological Protection","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"STUK.The average radiation dose received by a Finn. 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