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This study evaluated the relationship between physical exercise and MM treatment outcomes. In the 5T\u2010MM mouse model, tumor\u2010bearing mice underwent treatment that included bortezomib and dexamethasone alongside 6\u2009weeks of low\u2010 or moderate\u2010intensity treadmill aerobic training. Tumor burden and survival data were recorded. Additionally, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 65\u2009MM patients undergoing maintenance therapy at West China Hospital from 2013 to 2024. Patients were categorized based on their adherence to the World Health Organization (WHO) physical activity guidelines, and progression\u2010free survival and progression\u2010free survival in maintenance therapy were analyzed. In the mouse model, the combination of dual\u2010drug therapy and exercise improved outcomes, extending survival by more than 10\u2009days. Aerobic exercises reduced regulatory T cells and increased NK cells in the peripheral blood of mice. In the exercise group of mice, myokines IL\u201015 and irisin were up\u2010regulated, implying both myokines could contribute to the regulation of anti\u2010MM immunity. In the patient study, patients who met the WHO physical activity recommendations demonstrated significantly better progression\u2010free survival (PFS) and progression\u2010free survival in maintenance treatment (PFSm). Overall, appropriate aerobic exercises may benefit some MM patients, suggesting a potential for exercise as an adjunct in MM treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T10:05:00Z","timestamp":1751623500000},"page":"2343-2353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beneficial effects of aerobic exercises on multiple myeloma: Mechanisms and clinical observations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Siyao","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Institute of Hematology Research West China Hospital, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Institute of Hematology Research West China Hospital, Sichuan 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