{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T23:27:34Z","timestamp":1761175654691,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK131926"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK131926"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection, yet data on HPV dynamics in African male populations remain limited. We conducted a prospective study of 300 human immunodeficiency virus\u2010negative, sexually active Ugandan men enrolled at circumcision and followed every 6\u2009weeks for 6\u2009months. Penile swabs were collected by clinical staff, and HPV DNA was detected using the Roche polymerase chain reaction\u2010based linear array assay at six time points. We estimated both point and cumulative prevalence of any and high\u2010risk HPV, and assessed empirical and bootstrapped absolute and relative differences to quantify bias from relying solely on baseline testing. The baseline prevalence of any HPV was 49.7%, increasing to 66.0% when cumulative results were considered. Among 27 men with swabs with amplifiable viral or cellular DNA at all six visits, 100% tested positive at least once. HPV detection was often transient: only 6.1% of men with any HPV were consistently positive at all visits. Men who were ever HPV positive reported a younger age at first sex and more sexual partners. Single\u2010timepoint testing significantly underestimated HPV prevalence, with relative biases of 24.7% for any HPV and 40.3% for high\u2010risk HPV. Bootstrap analyses showed that reducing absolute bias to below 5% required two visits for any HPV and three for high\u2010risk HPV, whereas achieving relative bias below 5% required three and five visits, respectively.\u00a0The results remained consistent in sensitivity analyses that excluded pre\u2010circumcision visits. These findings highlight the limitations of cross\u2010sectional HPV testing and emphasize the importance of repeated sampling for accurate surveillance and vaccine impact assessments in male populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T14:33:53Z","timestamp":1756132433000},"page":"2455-2462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal patterns of penile\n                    <scp>human papillomavirus<\/scp>\n                    detection among Ugandan men: A prospective sampling study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eshan U.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Godfrey","family":"Kigozi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakai Health Sciences Program  Kalisizo Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patti E.","family":"Gravitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald M.","family":"Galiwango","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakai Health Sciences Program  Kalisizo Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Molly R.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Nalugoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakai Health Sciences Program  Kalisizo Uganda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Redd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Division of Intramural Research National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH  Bethesda USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rakai Health Sciences Program  Kalisizo Uganda"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Division of Intramural Research National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH  Bethesda USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Kate","family":"Grabowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0517-3766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron A. R.","family":"Tobian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12040564"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61416-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00305-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/657321"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051456"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-003957"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.HPV dashboard [Internet]. Accessed May 2 2025.https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals\/diseases\/human-papillomavirus-vaccines-(HPV)\/hpv-clearing-house\/hpv-dashboard"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1077651"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61967-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802556"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652184"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvr.2023.200268"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62342-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2012-050524"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874357901206010198"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-0666"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061725"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.10.3020-3027.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328353b83c"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-15088-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI57149"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","article-title":"HPV and male cancer: pathogenesis, prevention and impact","volume":"2","author":"Patra S","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Oman Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-024-03964-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2023.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000500"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2013-051230"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.70107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T08:55:21Z","timestamp":1761123321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijc.70107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijc.70107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.70107","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7136","1097-0215"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0020-7136"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-0215"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}