{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:43:21Z","timestamp":1786977801546,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007449","name":"Takeda Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007449","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3260"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008886","name":"Princess Takamatsu Cancer Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18\u201025034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18\u201025034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008886","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015644","name":"Pancreas Research Foundation of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015644","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is aggressive, with limited treatment progress for decades. Stathmin 1 (STMN1) is a cytoplasmic phosphorylated protein that is specific to cancerous tissues including SCLC and is associated with malignancy. Pyrrole\u2013imidazole polyamide (PIP) compounds decrease gene expression by binding to specific DNA sites and disturbing RNA transcription. In this study, we synthesized a novel chlorambucil\u2010conjugated PIP compound targeting both the STMN1 promoter and STMN1 DNA sequences (Chb\u2010STMN1 PIP) to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy against SCLC. We examined the expression of STMN1 in surgically resected tissues and cell line database. Suppression of STMN1 by Chb\u2010STMN1 PIP was analyzed using RT\u2010PCR, WB, and CAGE\u2010seq in vitro. The anti\u2010tumor effects of Chb\u2010STMN1 PIP were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. STMN1 mRNA expression was higher in cell lines with more\n                    <jats:italic>STMN1<\/jats:italic>\n                    copy number alterations. In vitro studies showed that Chb\u2010STMN1 PIP treatment resulted in significant STMN1 suppression and cell viability reduction compared to the control groups. Administration of Chb\u2010STMN1 PIP to an SCLC xenograft mouse model also showed a tumor reduction effect and significantly suppressed angiogenesis, proliferation potency, and cell viability of SCLC. CAGE analysis indicated that the expression of STMN1 was suppressed in Chb\u2010STMN1 PIP\u2010treated cells compared to that in control cells. A novel compound, Chb\u2010STMN1 PIP, induced significant anti\u2010tumor effects and suppressed STMN1 expression in SCLC cell lines. Furthermore, SCLC xenograft mouse models showed tumor shrinkage and reduced malignant properties. Targeting STMN1 with our developed PIP compound appears to be a novel strategy and promising in SCLC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T09:19:36Z","timestamp":1759223976000},"page":"1336-1347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Novel therapeutic strategy targeting\n                    <scp>STMN1<\/scp>\n                    using chlorambucil\u2010conjugated pyrrole\u2013imidazole polyamide in small cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"158","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8430-7373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryohei","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgical Science Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University  Maebashi 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