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As the major risk factor, oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is declining due to vaccination. We report a trial to assess the effectiveness of cervical screening frequency among women HPV\u2010vaccinated as early adolescents (NCT02149030). In 2013, 5626 1992\u20101995\u2010born women, who had received three doses of the HPV16\/18 vaccine at ages 12\u201315 between 2007 and 2010 in a community\u2010randomized vaccination trial (NCT00534638), were allocated at age 22 into high\u2010intensity cytology\u2010based cervical screening by even birth date (Arm A1) or into low\u2010intensity cytology\u2010based cervical screening by odd birth date (Arm A2). One thousand three hundred thirty\u2010three women who received HPV16\/18 vaccination at age 18 attended a safety of low intensity\u2010screening arm (Arm A3). Low\u2010intensity screening, where low\u2010grade cytological abnormalities were not revealed for 6\u2009years, was compared to the standard high\u2010intensity screening used in Finland at the time. The prevalence of cytological and HPV findings was calculated at ages 22\/25\/28. The hazard ratio of histopathologically confirmed immediate cervical cancer precursors (HSIL\/CIN2+) among participants was compared between low\u2010 and high\u2010intensity screening arms. The overall occurrence of CIN2+ was comparable in Arms A1, 0.70% and A2, 0.66%, with the corresponding hazard ratio at age 28 being 0.97 (95% confidence intervals, 0.50\u20131.88). By age 28, the occurrence of vaccine\u2010HPV types 16\/18 was reduced up to 88% in the 12\u2010to\u201015 compared to 18\u2010year\u2010old HPV\u2010vaccinated women. In conclusion, the risk of CIN2+ was similar for HPV\u2010vaccinated women who attended low\u2010intensity cervical screening compared to high\u2010intensity screening most likely due to the decline of oncogenic HPVs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T03:50:41Z","timestamp":1762573841000},"page":"1941-1951","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Controlled trial of cervical cancer screening frequency among human\u2010papillomavirus\u2010vaccinated women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"158","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4248-1880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00f2nica","family":"Ortega Llobet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cervical Cancer Elimination, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9065-4734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Penelope","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cervical Cancer Elimination, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iacopo","family":"Baussano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0514-7226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. 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