{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T06:25:11Z","timestamp":1773815111036,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of this systematic review was to identify the evidence of testicular cancer risk for people with intersex conditions. This assessment is hoped to help refine risk stratification tools for assessing gonadal malignancy risk and guide the development of more robust evidence\u2010based management strategies. The literature was searched in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health using a search string developed by a multidisciplinary team. The protocol was registered at Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews as CRD42021231313. A total of 3608 articles were found. After selection, 301 publications were included (1215 individuals). The results identified significant evidence that pre\u2010pubertal gonadectomy may be linked to lower rates of malignant gonadal changes for patients with partial gonadal dysgenesis, Turner's syndrome with Y\u2010chromosome material, complete androgen insensitivity, partial androgen insensitivity, and patients with ovotestis\/es. The evidence was not significant for patients with complete gonadal dysgenesis, Klinefelter syndrome, nor WT1\u2010related syndromes. Specific cancer outcomes were unable to be assessed due to small sample sizes and thus it is unknown if clinically significant cancer outcomes are meaningfully altered by pre\u2010pubertal gonadectomy. Importantly, the quality of data on the topic of gonadal malignancy in intersex patients with testicular tissue was determined to be poor overall. The quality was relatively more robust regarding the conditions of Complete Androgen Insensitivity, Klinefelter syndrome, and patients with ovotestis\/es. More high\u2010quality research is needed to draw specific conclusions on the risks and benefits of performing pre\u2010pubertal gonadectomy for intersex patients. When counseling these patients, clinicians should be transparent regarding the paucity of data supporting pre\u2010pubertal gonadectomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T06:40:41Z","timestamp":1767940841000},"page":"2613-2628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Testicular cancer in intersex individuals: A systematic review for clinical practice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"158","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4035-8405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat C.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences UPMC Magee\u2010Womens Hospital  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avanish","family":"Madhavaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences UPMC Magee\u2010Womens Hospital  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Katherine","family":"Haver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Library Moffitt Cancer Center  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gwendolyn P.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health NYU Grossman School of Medicine  New York City New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2020.1863472"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19419899.2021.1938189"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17482631.2024.2356924"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2005.18.8.729"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2023.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.098319"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"AdikariT O'BrienB BagchiT KimbleRMN.Presentations and outcomes of patients with disorders of sexual development (DSD) in a tertiary paediatric and adolescent gynaecology (PAG) service. 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