{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T12:28:14Z","timestamp":1789820894819,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA008748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50\u2010CA92629"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50\u2010CA92629"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C8162\/A29083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C8162\/A29083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prostate cancer overdiagnosis is detection of prostate cancer through PSA testing that otherwise would not have been diagnosed within the patient's lifetime. It is a major concern to policymakers due to its impact on quality of life. We used long\u2010term follow\u2010up data from the CAP randomised trial of a one\u2010off screen, and English male competing mortality rates (2021\u201323), to estimate the impact of age on excess prostate cancer incidence within 15\u2009years (\u2018overdiagnosis\u2019) using competing\u2010risks methods. In total, 2249 (1.19%) of 189,386 men invited for a PSA test in CAP had cancer detected at the one\u2010off screen. Prostate cancer cumulative incidence at 15\u2009years was 7.08% (95% CI 6.95%\u20137.21%) in those invited to screening, compared with 6.94% (95% CI 6.82%\u20137.06%) in the control arm; an absolute excess incidence difference of 0.14% (95% CI \u22120.04% to 0.37%). Excess net incidence to 15\u2009years was 0.14\/1.19\u2009=\u200911.7% (95% CI 0.0%\u201326.7%) of cases detected at a single prevalent screen. Accounting for competing mortality, men diagnosed at screening aged 50\u2009years were projected to have a 16% chance the cancer would not have been detected within 15\u2009years, rising to 32% if detected at screening aged 70\u2009years and 58% aged 80\u2009years. Thus, prostate cancer overdiagnosis rises substantially with age due to competing mortality, and is relatively low for younger men. Accordingly, policies that enable opportunistic testing should be re\u2010examined in settings where they have led to high rates of screening in older men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T07:00:58Z","timestamp":1776841258000},"page":"1196-1203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluating the Impact of Age on Prostate Cancer Overdiagnosis Using Long\u2010Term Follow\u2010Up From the\n                    <scp>CAP<\/scp>\n                    Randomised Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"159","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6327-4357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam R.","family":"Brentnall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Institute of Population Health Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9597-645X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matejka","family":"Rebolj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Institute of Population Health Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Sasieni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Institute of Population Health Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garth","family":"Funston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Institute of Population Health Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhian","family":"Gabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Institute of Population Health Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1525-6503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Vickers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center  New York New\u00a0York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.4011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2503223"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euros.2024.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"UK NSC Screening Recommendation: Prostate Cancer","author":"UK NSC","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2209454"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","volume-title":"NPCA State of the Nation Report 2025","author":"National Prostate Cancer Audit","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"A.Rayner J.Forsyth M.Hanini et\u00a0al. \u201cCost\u2010Effectiveness of Prostate Cancer Screening for Men of Average and High Risk \u201d 2025 https:\/\/nationalscreening.blog.gov.uk\/wp\u2010content\/uploads\/sites\/254\/2025\/11\/SCHARR\u2010Report\u2010Phase\u20103\u2010Prostate\u2010Cancer\u2010Modelling_FINAL.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"B.KramerandP. 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