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Nonetheless, adverse events still occur, survival remains suboptimal and the long\u2010term health impact of the disease and its treatment is poorly understood. Using data from an established UK population\u2010based cohort of haematological malignancies, we compared the morbidity of 411 CML patients treated with TKIs 2009\u20132019 to that of individually age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched general population\u2010based controls (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20094099). Over the course of follow\u2010up (to March 2021, median 5.3, interquartile range 3.0\u20138.2\u2009years), patients were more likely than controls to die from cardiovascular or respiratory diseases; Hazard Ratios of 1.9, 95% Confidence Interval, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.2\u20132.8 and 2.4, 95% CI 1.2\u20134.9 respectively. Hospital admissions for cardiovascular or respiratory conditions were similarly elevated; HR\u2009=\u20091.6, 95% CI 1.3\u20131.9; HR\u2009=\u20092.3, 95% CI 1.6\u20133.4 respectively. The risk of a cardiovascular admission varied over time; being increased in the first year (HR\u2009=\u20092.4, 95% CI 1.5\u20133.8), and then again 5\u2009years or more after starting TKI therapy (HR\u2009=\u20092.3, 95% CI 1.5\u20133.6); no increase was evident in the intervening years (HR\u2009=\u20091.1, 95% CI 0.8\u20131.7). While not related to excess mortality, admissions for infections and gastrointestinal conditions occurred more frequently among cases than controls; the increased risk remaining largely constant over the course of follow\u2010up. In the era of TKIs, these real\u2010world analyses revealed that CML patients are at increased risk of severe cardiovascular events several years after starting treatment, and that admission for infections and gastrointestinal conditions are raised throughout.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:52:45Z","timestamp":1777531965000},"page":"1411-1419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adverse Health Events in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors 2009\u20132019: A Real\u2010World Study From the\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    's Haematological Malignancy Research Network"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"159","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7438-9982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleanor","family":"Kane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences University of York  York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1111-966X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences University of York  York UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7521-7402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debra","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences University of York  York 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