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We report interim data from an ongoing non\u2010interventional real\u2010world study comparing the memory cell and antibody responses following single\u2010 and two\u2010dose regimens of the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010produced HPV\u201016\/18 vaccine in Chinese girls aged 9\u201314\u2009years. HPV\u201016\/18\u2010specific neutralizing antibodies, IgG antibodies, and memory B\u2010 and T\u2010cell responses were assessed and compared between the single\u2010dose and two\u2010dose groups. The results showed that among 492 per\u2010protocol participants (298 two\u2010dose; 194 single\u2010dose), the median time from Dose 1 to blood sampling was 12.07\u2009months. Single\u2010dose neutralizing antibody seropositivity exceeded 90% for HPV\u201016 and approached 80% for HPV\u201018. The antibody avidity index of HPV\u201016 IgG after a single dose was non\u2010inferior to that after two doses (lower bound of the geometric mean avidity ratio &gt;\u20090.5). Both dosing schedules induced HPV\u201016\/18\u2010specific memory B\u2010 and T\u2010cell responses with similar positivity and geometric means (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Therefore, a single dose of the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010produced HPV\u201016\/18 vaccine elicited robust antibody quantity and quality, with memory B\u2010 and T\u2010cell responses comparable to those induced by two doses, supporting its potential for population\u2010level implementation and contribution to the WHO target of vaccinating 90% of girls.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T06:53:51Z","timestamp":1779346431000},"page":"1904-1916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Memory Cell and Antibody Responses Following a Single Versus Two Doses of\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    \u2010Produced Vaccine Against Human Papillomavirus Types 16 and 18: A Real\u2010World Study in Chinese Girls"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Tianmeng","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University  Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC)  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yushu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, 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