{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:42:16Z","timestamp":1792662136436,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study compared 25 sinonasal mucosal melanomas (SNMM) and 9 conjunctival melanomas (CM) using whole\u2010exome and RNA sequencing. Median patient age was 64\u2009years for SNMM and 54\u2009years for CM. SNMM predominantly occurred in the nasal cavity (14\/25, 56%) or both nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (9\/25, 36%). All CM cases were unilateral.\n                    <jats:italic>NRAS<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations were found in 20% (5\/25) of SNMM and 22% (2\/9) of CM cases.\n                    <jats:italic>RAS<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations were significantly associated with shorter progression\u2010free survival in SNMM.\n                    <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations were detected in 22% (2\/9) of CM cases (all V600E) and 8% (2\/25) of SNMM cases (non\u2010V600E).\n                    <jats:italic>NF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations occurred in 16% (4\/25) of SNMM and 11% (1\/9) of CM cases. Only one\n                    <jats:italic>KIT<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation was found, in an SNMM case. Nearly all SNMM and CM cases exhibited alterations in the RTK\u2013RAS signaling pathway. CM showed a higher frequency of UV\u2010associated mutations than SNMM. RNA sequencing identified two novel gene fusions (\n                    <jats:italic>PTPRK<\/jats:italic>\n                    ::\n                    <jats:italic>PAX3<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>GNA13<\/jats:italic>\n                    ::\n                    <jats:italic>NF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in SNMM. The most common tumor microenvironment subtype in both was D\u2010type. SNMM had higher cancer\u2010associated fibroblast infiltration but lower CD4+ T cell infiltration than CM. Among tumor suppressor genes,\n                    <jats:italic>CDKN2B<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited the highest frequency of biallelic inactivation in SNMM (5\/25, 20%) and CM (1\/6, 17%). Reactome pathway enrichment analysis revealed enrichment of cell cycle\u2010related pathways in both tumor types. In conclusion, these findings delineate distinct genomic profiles of SNMM and CM, revealing significant pathogenic similarities, particularly the involvement of the RTK\u2013RAS pathway and cell cycle\u2010related pathways, despite potential differences in etiological factors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T06:09:28Z","timestamp":1787119768000},"page":"2951-2961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma and Conjunctival Melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"159","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0642-523X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing 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