{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:03:28Z","timestamp":1791201808791,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multimodal diagnostic strategies and risk stratification are essential for improving early lung cancer detection, clinical outcomes, and personalized interventions. To develop a predictive model for lung cancer incidence by integrating plasma proteomics, genetic factors, and demographic data. We analyzed data from the UK Biobank, which included 47,655 adults without a history of lung cancer at baseline, with 641 incident cases and a median follow\u2010up duration of 13.87\u2009years. COX proportional hazards modeling with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) sequential feature selection was used to identify significant plasma proteins associated with lung cancer. An XGBoost\u2010based survival model was constructed and evaluated to assess its predictive utility. Proteomic risk score (ProRS), demographic, and Combined risk scores were developed to evaluate their predictive capabilities across genetic risk strata. Among 2911 plasma proteins, we identified 15 significant plasma proteins associated with the development of lung cancer. The XGBoost survival model demonstrated promising predictive performance, achieving a C\u2010statistics of 0.803. Risk stratification revealed that high\u2010risk groups had up to a 101\u2010fold increased risk of lung cancer compared to low\u2010risk groups. We analyzed expression patterns of 15 carcinogenesis\u2010associated proteins during the 15\u2010year period preceding diagnosis. TNR and CLEC3B were identified as the earliest dysregulated proteins, with expression levels consistently downregulated beginning as early as 14\u2009years before diagnosis. GDF15 exhibited sustained and pronounced upregulation throughout the entire 14\u2010year observation window. Integrating plasma proteomics, polygenic risk scores, and demographic factors improves personalized lung cancer risk stratification, offering potential for refined screening strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:36:31Z","timestamp":1788845791000},"page":"2835-2849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrating Plasma Proteomics and Polygenic Risk Scores for the Prediction of Lung Cancer Risk"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xirui","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GCP Center Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital &amp; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital &amp; Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Science &amp; Technology Biobank of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinru","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Public Health School of Medicine &amp; Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingtian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"},{"name":"School of Nursing Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Department of Public Health School of Medicine &amp; Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haining","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"},{"name":"School of Nursing Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianglin","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobank of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital (Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research &amp; The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University)  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junru","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GCP Center Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9744-4251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic\u00a0Surgery The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University &amp; Jiangsu Cancer Hospital &amp; Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research,\u00a0Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0477-4794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoxiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21565"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2023.01.088"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1911793"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33578"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.R200007\u2010MCP200"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.21.01460"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104686"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2022.215886"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21858"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.17703"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010024\u201052894\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010023\u201006592\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcpro.2021.100168"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587\u2010024\u201000655\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202011\u20104063OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"4768","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Lundberg S. M.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.91101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.0003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587\u2010025\u201000818\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213\u20102600(19)30144\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201037979\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008\u20105472.Can\u201020\u20103454"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1306273"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000322116"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.106155"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27575"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2017.253"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/pr4012377"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935\u2010020\u201001183\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010024\u201008305\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2409515"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589\u20107500(24)00087\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105234"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008\u20105472.Can\u201020\u20101237"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxaa078"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci13040295"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2024.217096"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.70710","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ijc.70710","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ijc.70710","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:45:15Z","timestamp":1791200715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ijc.70710"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ijc.70710"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.70710","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7136","1097-0215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7136","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}