{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T10:27:19Z","timestamp":1787394439082,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl Journal of Cancer"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In Lynch syndrome, colonoscopy surveillance for colorectal cancer (CRC) is burdensome and post\u2010colonoscopy CRCs still occur. Unlike the faecal immunochemical test (FIT), gut metabolomic alterations including amino\u2010acids have shown potential as non\u2010invasive biomarkers for detecting both advanced and non\u2010advanced sporadic colorectal neoplasia. We aimed to evaluate the potential of faecal and urinary amino\u2010acids to refine colonoscopy surveillance in Lynch syndrome. Individuals with Lynch syndrome collected faeces and urine 3\u2009months before and 3\u20136\u2009months after surveillance colonoscopy. Individuals with and without relevant neoplasia (defined as CRC, adenomas and advanced serrated polyps) were matched based on age, sex, smoking, and diet. Using liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry and Random Forest classification, we assessed the diagnostic performance for relevant neoplasia of 20 faecal amino\u2010acids (\u00b1 positive FIT at 2.55\u2009\u03bcg Hb\/g faeces) and 20 urinary amino\u2010acids. Among the 150 included individuals (118 collected faeces and 64 urine), 3% had CRC, 5% advanced adenomas, 3% advanced serrated polyps and 40% non\u2010advanced adenomas at colonoscopy. In individuals with relevant neoplasia, faecal taurine and urinary citrulline, threonine and ornithine were elevated. Amino\u2010acids showed 80% (faeces) and 88% (urine) sensitivity for relevant neoplasia, with higher specificity in urine (60%) than faeces (33%). Adding FIT\u2010results to amino\u2010acids outcomes did not improve diagnostic accuracy. After polypectomy, several faecal and urinary amino acids shifted towards levels of individuals without neoplasia. This exploratory study in Lynch syndrome highlights faecal and urinary amino acids as promising non\u2010invasive biomarkers for postponing colonoscopy and follow\u2010up after polypectomy, although these findings require external validation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T10:11:14Z","timestamp":1787393474000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Urinary and Faecal Amino\u2010Acids as Biomarkers for Colorectal Neoplasia in Lynch Syndrome\u2014A Prospective Longitudinal Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7279-0940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roza C. M.","family":"Opperman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4826-3443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elsa L. S. A.","family":"van Liere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2735-7010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Animesh","family":"Acharjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudip","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard A.","family":"Struys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Antoniadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmijn E. B.","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Faculty of Science Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivra R.","family":"Siriram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdellatif","family":"Bakkali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofie","family":"Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten A. J. M.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Jacob","family":"Koornstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan P.","family":"Kuijvenhoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Spaarne Gasthuis  Hoofddorp the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique E.","family":"van Leerdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Netherlands Cancer Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9103-9757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manon C. W.","family":"Spaander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim G. J.","family":"de Meij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology Amsterdam University Medical Center  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelien","family":"Dekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dewkoemar","family":"Ramsoekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanne K. H.","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM) Research Institute  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0693","article-title":"Prevalence and Penetrance of Major Genes and Polygenes for Colorectal Cancer","volume":"26","author":"Win A. K.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1714533","article-title":"Lynch Syndrome\u2010Associated Colorectal Cancer","volume":"379","author":"Sinicrope F. 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