{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T02:13:10Z","timestamp":1768270390726,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]],"date-time":"2017-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology & Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Women and girls who have undergone type III<\/jats:styled-content> female genital mutilation (FGM<\/jats:styled-content>) may suffer urologic complications such as recurrent urinary tract infections, obstruction, stones, and incontinence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To assess the effectiveness of deinfibulation for preventing and treating urologic complications in women and girls living with FGM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Search strategy<\/jats:title>The following major databases were searched from inception to August 2015: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL<\/jats:styled-content>), MEDLINE<\/jats:styled-content>, SCOPUS<\/jats:styled-content>, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov without language restrictions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Selection criteria<\/jats:title>Randomized controlled studies (RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s) or observational studies with controls were considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Data collection and analysis<\/jats:title>We screened the results of the search independently for potentially relevant studies and applied inclusion and exclusion criteria for the full texts of the relevant studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>No RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s were found. We found three case reports and a retrospective case review, all of which were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>There is no evidence on the use of deinfibulation to improve urologic complications among women with type III FGM<\/jats:styled-content>. Current clinical practice may be informed by anecdotal evidence from case reports. Appropriate RCT<\/jats:styled-content>s and observational studies with comparison groups in countries where FGM<\/jats:styled-content> is common are needed.<\/jats:p>PROSPERO<\/jats:styled-content> registration: CRD<\/jats:styled-content>42015024901.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]],"date-time":"2017-02-06T08:05:22Z","timestamp":1486368322000},"page":"30-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Deinfibulation for treating urologic complications of type III<\/scp> female genital mutilation: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Effa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Calabar Institute of Tropical Diseases Research and Prevention University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar Nigeria"},{"name":"Renal Unit Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry College of Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olumuyiwa","family":"Ojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calabar Institute of Tropical Diseases Research and Prevention University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Ihesie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine University of Uyo Teaching Hospital Uyo Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin M.","family":"Meremikwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calabar Institute of Tropical Diseases Research and Prevention University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics College of Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation: An Interagency Statement\u2014UNAIDS, UNDP, UNECA, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNHCHR, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNIFEM, WHO","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Female Genital Mutilation\/Cutting: A Statistical Overview and\u00a0Exploration of the Dynamics of Change","author":"UNICEF","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2014.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00028-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wsif.2003.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afju.2013.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"479","article-title":"The risk of medical complications after female circumcision","volume":"69","author":"Dirie MA","year":"1992","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1999.tb03444.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3583468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-006316"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-012-2708-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2001.00036.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"Female Genital Mutilation New Zealand.Information for health and child protection professionals. 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