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While cytology (the Pap smear) has reduced cervical cancer incidence and prevalence in jurisdictions where it has been systematically implemented in population\u2010based programs\u2014mainly in high\u2010income settings\u2014limitations inherent to this method, and to program delivery, leave many women still vulnerable to cervical cancer. Recent evidence has confirmed that screening based on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> testing prevents more invasive cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, and offers innovative options such as self\u2010collection of specimens to improve screening uptake broadly. In this paper, we review key advances, future opportunities, and ongoing challenges for secondary prevention of cervical cancer using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010based testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,10]],"date-time":"2017-07-10T02:05:13Z","timestamp":1499652313000},"page":"15-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Optimizing secondary prevention of cervical cancer: Recent\u00a0advances and future challenges"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Gina","family":"Ogilvie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"},{"name":"BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Nakisige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gyncologic Oncology Uganda Cancer Institute  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warner K.","family":"Huh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham AL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Mehrotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research  Noida India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo L.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Oncology and Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics McGill University  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Jeronimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PATH  Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2015.146"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(16)30099-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","volume-title":"Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Background Paper","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31392-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","first-page":"211","article-title":"The diagnostic value of vaginal smears in carcinoma of the uterus. 1941","volume":"121","author":"Papanicolaou GN","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21955"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/096914104774061056"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","unstructured":"FerlayJ SoerjomataramI ErvikM et\u00a0al.GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0 Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase[Internet].Lyon France:International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2013.http:\/\/globocan.iarc.fr. 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