{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T23:47:48Z","timestamp":1784591268547,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology & Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Gender stereotypes surrounding women's reproductive health impede women's access to essential reproductive healthcare and contribute to inequality more generally. Stereotyping in healthcare settings impedes women's access to contraceptive information, services, and induced abortion, and lead to involuntary interventions in the context of sterilization. Decisions by human rights monitoring bodies, such as the Inter\u2010American Court of Human Rights\u2019 case, IV<\/jats:styled-content> v. Bolivia<\/jats:italic>, which was a case concerned with the involuntary sterilization of a woman during childbirth, highlight how stereotypes in the context of providing health care can operate to strip women of their agency and decision\u2010making authority, deny them their right to informed consent, reinforce gender hierarchies and violate their reproductive rights. In the present article, IV<\/jats:styled-content> v. Bolivia<\/jats:italic> is examined as a case study with the objective being to highlight how, in the context of coercive sterilization, human rights law has been used to advance legal and ethical guidelines, including the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics\u2019 (FIGO<\/jats:styled-content>) own guidelines, on gender stereotyping and reproductive healthcare. The Inter\u2010American Court's judgment in IV<\/jats:styled-content> v. Bolivia<\/jats:italic> illustrates the important role FIGO<\/jats:styled-content>'s guidance can play in shaping human rights standards and provides guidance on the service provider's role and responsibility in eliminating gender stereotypes and upholding and fulfilling human rights.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]],"date-time":"2018-10-12T12:59:13Z","timestamp":1539349153000},"page":"116-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The human rights impact of gender stereotyping in the context of reproductive health care"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"Ciara","family":"O'Connell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Rights Faculty of Law University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Zampas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Reproductive and Sexual Health Law Program Faculty of Law University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"28","volume-title":"Ethical Issues in obstetrics and gynecology","author":"FIGO Committee for the Study of Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9783\/9780812205923"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"CEDAW Committee.Summary of the inquiry concerning the Philippines under article 8 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW\/C\/OP.8\/PHL\/1) 2014; CEDAW Committee LC v Peru (2011) Communication no. 22\/2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"IV v. 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Slovakia(2011). ECHR: No.18968\/07."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"Government of the Republic of Namibia v. LM and Others(2014).Supreme Court of Namibia: No. SA 49\/2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","unstructured":"AP and Others v. France(2017).ECHR: No.79885\/12 52471\/13 and 52596\/13."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","unstructured":"African Commission on Human and Peoples\u2019 Rights.260: Resolution on Involuntary Sterilisation and the Protection of Human Rights in Access to HIV Services. Published2013.http:\/\/www.achpr.org\/sessions\/54th\/resolutions\/260\/. Accessed February 6 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"IV v. Bolivia(2014) Merits Int\u2010Am Comm'n HR: Case 12\/655 Report No. 72\/14."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"Letter referring IV v. Bolivia (Ref: Case 12\/655) to the Inter\u2010American Court of Human Rights. 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