{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T07:23:40Z","timestamp":1774682620599,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence of<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>infection and the correlates of tubal pathology among Ghanaian women undergoing hysterosalpingography for suspected tubal factor infertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted among 189 women with infertility who underwent hysterosalpingography at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana, from September 1 to November 30, 2016. Demographic data; obstetric and gynecologic history; and hysterosalpingography findings were collected using a structured questionnaire. Endocervical swabs were tested for the presence of<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>using a rapid antigen\u2010based diagnostic kit. Associations between the variables were assessed using bivariate analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive test results for<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>were recorded among 15 participants, giving an overall prevalence of 7.9% (95% confidence interval [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>] 4.1%\u201311.7%). In all, 67 (35.4%) participants had abnormal findings on hysterosalpingography, with 40 (21.2%) displaying bilateral tubal occlusion. The remaining 122 (64.6%) women had normal findings on hysterosalpingography. Eight participants with normal tubal appearance tested positive for<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>(prevalence 6.6%, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>2.2%\u201311.0%), whereas seven participants with abnormal tubal appearance tested positive (prevalence 10.4%, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>3.1%\u201317.7%;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.402). No associations were found between participant characteristics and tubal pathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>did not differ by hysterosalpingography findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T12:16:38Z","timestamp":1559650598000},"page":"200-205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>infection among Ghanaian women undergoing hysterosalpingography for suspected tubal factor\u00a0infertility"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Titus","family":"Beyuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Korle Bu Accra Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Ghana Korle Bu Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel A.","family":"Oppong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Korle Bu Accra Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Ghana Korle Bu Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Samba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Korle Bu Accra Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Ghana Korle Bu Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vera M.","family":"Beyuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Korle Bu Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Global incidence and prevalence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections\u20102008.WHO","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Prevalence of genital Chlamydia and gonococcal infections in at risk women in the kumasi metropolis, Ghana","volume":"44","author":"Opoku BK","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ghana Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence in Ghana \u2013 a study at a municipal district in Western Ghana","volume":"3","author":"Nyarko CC","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Sci Technol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2004.253","article-title":"Neisseria gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Treponema pallidum infection in antenatal and gynecological patients at Korle\u2010Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana","volume":"57","author":"Apea\u2010Kubi KA","year":"2004","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines","volume":"55","author":"Workowski K","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2141-9248.129057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mefs.2012.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40738-015-0001-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"Lab\u2010Care diagnostics (India) Pvt. 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